Omar Torres-Carvajal; Pablo J. Venegas; Kevin de Queiroz

“ Vertebral crest strongly projected and decreasing in size posteriorly, with vertebrals on neck at least four times higher than those between hind limbs; crest bifurcates posteriorly and extends onto tail less than 1⁄4 its length; body flanks between fore and hind limbs with slight dorsolateral and ventrolateral longitudinal folds; scales on dorsolateral folds similar in size to adjacent scales; dorsal and flank scales small, keeled, imbricate, more or less homogeneous in size, and separated from each other by skin covered with tiny granular scales ”

“ They hypothesized that either Enyalioides oshaughnessyi as previously circumscribed represents a single species, but its mtDNA has not yet become monophyletic relative to that of Enyalioides touzeti, or Enyalioides oshaughnessyi represents more than one species. [1] found support for the latter hypothesis based on the color of the iris, red in both sexes of most specimens of Enyalioides oshaughnessyi and reddish brown in two adult specimens from Alto Tambo (Enyalioides altotambo type specimens) . ”

“ It can be distinguished from Enyalioides oshaughnessyi (character states in parentheses) by the following characters: iris brown in both sexes (iris bright red in both sexes) ; scales on lateral edge of skull roof just posterior to superciliaries strongly projected (moderately projected) ; adults of both sexes with light green spots on dorsum (if present, spots turquoise or blue) ; adult males with a black medial patch on gular region not extending dorsally to form an antehumeral bar (black patch under gular fold extending dorsally to form a short antehumeral bar) ”

“ Enyalioides anisolepis is strongly supported (PP = 1) as monophyletic and is sister (PP = 0.99) to a clade (PP = 1) composed of Enyalioides cofanorum, Enyalioides microlepis, Enyalioides rubrigularis, and Enyalioides praestabilis. Enyalioides sophiarothschildae is sister (PP = 1) to a clade (PP = 1) composed of two recently discovered species, Enyalioides binzayedi and Enyalioides rudolfarndti ( [4] ; [5] ) from Peru. ”

“ Color in life of holotype
(Fig. 5) . Dorsal and lateral aspects of head with scattered black, brown, and pale green scales; labials greenish cream; dorsal background of body, limbs and tail brownish green with scattered pale green scales; vertebral crest pale green, the base and posterior surface of each vertebral scale dark brown; gular scales cream, the skin between them gray; orange patch on medial aspect of throat; chest and belly cream with a pale orange tint; ventral surface of limbs dirty cream with scattered brown spots ”

“ One male paratype (MUSM 21883) differs from the holotype in having some scattered dark brown blotches on the throat.
Distribution and ecology.
Enyalioides sophiarothschildae is known from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera Central in Peru between 1600–1700 m (Fig. 3) . This species is only known from two adjacent localities, the trail to La Cueva-Añasco Pueblo in the drainage of the Lejía river and El Dorado in the drainage of the Blanco river, both tributaries of the Huallabamba river in the northern part of the Huallaga river basin. ”

“ A few specimens have smooth scales intermixed with the keeled dorsals. Ventrals are keeled except for an adult female specimen (QCAZ 8428) that has smooth ventrals, and an adult male specimen (QCAZ 12517) that has smooth ventrals anteriorly and feebly keeled ventrals posteriorly. Caudal segments are 6–8 scales long laterally.
This species has a marked sexual dichromatism in background colors (green in males, brown in females; see Fig. 6) . Adult male paratypes are very similar in color patterns to the holotype, except for having dark spots on the belly. ”

“ In addition, juveniles generally have dark brown transverse bands on dorsum, dark flecks on head, and transverse rows of dark brown blotches on flanks. The neck and sides of head have a bright orange tint in one specimen (QCAZ 12535) . ”

“ PERU:Amazonas: Caterpiza, USNM 568575; Galilea, USNM 568576–80; Cusco: Pagoreni, río Camisea, 11°42'23"S, 72°54'11"W, 465m; Loreto: Explorama Lodge, jct río Yanamono & río Amazonas, KU 220493; Intuto, río Tigre, AMNH 60575; San Jacinto, 175 m, KU 222164; San Martin: San Martin, 14 km ESE Shapaja, 360 m, KU 212627; Ucayali: río Calleria, Colonia Calleria, 15 km from Ucayali, CAS 95143. NO SPECIFIC LOCALITY: ICN 1231.Enyalioides oshaughnessyi.—ECUADOR:Esmeraldas: Bilsa Ecological Reserve, 225 m, QCAZ 6866 ”