“ He began to earn his own living the age of eight. From 1811 to 1818 he worked as an apprentice and journeyman printer in Onondaga Hollow, Utica, Auburn, Cooperstown, Albany and New York City. His first independent enterprises, the Republican Agriculturist, established at Norwich, N.Y., in 1818, and the Onondaga County Republican, established at Manlius, N.Y., in 1821, proving unsuccessful, he became editor of the Rochester Telegraph in 1822. ”