Salmon P. Chase

“ The Constitution was ordained and established by the people of the United States for themselves, for their own government, and not for the government of the individual States. Each State established a constitution for itself, and in that constitution provided such limitations and restrictions on the powers of its particular government as its judgment dictated. The people of the United States framed such a government for the United States as they supposed best adapted to their situation and best calculated to promote their interests. ”

“ They are limitations of power granted in the instrument itself, not of distinct governments framed by different persons and for different purposes.'
And, in conclusion, after a thorough examination of the several amendments which had then (1833) been adopted, he observes:
'These amendments contain no expression indicating an intention to apply them to State governments. ”