Shumbhoo Chunder Dey

“ For in point of rank a Zamindar, properly so called, occupied a very high place. The meaning of the word is, no doubt, a landholder, but custom had attached to the term a rank which a mere landholder could hot aspire to. The Zamindar possessed considerable powers over his tenantry. He was not only their protector from outside enemies but also their judges in matters, civil and criminal, arising between themselves. ”

“ The Bhagirathi gradually encroached upon the spot and at last swallowed up the princely mansion with all its belongings, thereby converting the place into a deep whirling pool of water which is known as the Patuli Daha. Dwarka Nath's grandson, Sahasraksha [2] , was a very pious and kindhearted landholder. He ingratiated himself into the favour of the mighty Mogul Emperor, Akbar, who by a Firman or Sanad dated in the year 980 Bengal era, corresponding to 1573 A. D., formally declared him "Zamindar". ”

“ Exodus to Patuli and rise to the rank of ‘Zamindar.’
On Keshav's death his son, Dwarka Nath, succeeded to his estates and became the head of the family. By this time the Moslem rule had spread far and wide and the Hindus were harassed in every possible way. The Mahomedan Governor of Muxadavad ruled the district with a rigour in which fanaticism formed an important element so that Dwarka Nath found it absolutely necessary to leave his jurisdiction in order to avoid cruel religious persecution. ”