“ The fact that the Slovaks of Hungary have, by the aid of local banks and co-operative societies, emancipated themselves from Jewish control and from the terrible usury which prevailed twenty or even ten years ago, helps to explain why the Jewish population has tended to concentrate among the backward Ruthene population, whom systematic Magyarisation had left altogether without leaders and well-nigh incapable of self-help. ”

“ On the other hand, they had a higher percentage of illiterates than any other race in Hungary, aid among them economic exploitation by the great landed proprietors, by the Magyar officials, and by the Jewish traders and inn-keepers had reached its height. Under these circumstances it is not to be wondered at that such leaders of opposition as the Ruthenes of Hungary possess, should look back upon Magyar rule as upon a long evil nightmare, and should rely upon the Peace Conference to secure for them a settlement such as will render possible their free national development in the future. ”

“ They are the descendants of succesive waves of the colonists, introduced by the Hungarian kings as guarantees of the frontier; the main body arrived in 1340, under the leader ship of their prince Theodore Koroatovič, to whom Louis the Great granted the town and castle of Munkáč. Originally Orthodox by religion, they accepted the Uniaterite, which had been adopted by so large a proportion of the Little Russians in Poland ”