Summary

The New International Encyclopædia…

“ In modern parliamentary practice, immense importance attaches to the work of standing committees; and so true is this that modern legislation has been by some termed government by committee. Almost every matter brought before such bodies as the United States Congress and the legislatures of the several States is at once referred to a standing committee, which holds meetings by itself, examines the subject closely, summons witnesses, if necessary, and at length reports back to the main body its findings and conclusions, with recommendation to act favorably or adversely. ”
Source: Wikisource

The New International Encyclopædia…

“ In the British House of Commons there is a regularly chosen chairman, other than the Speaker of the House, who presides over all committees of the whole; in the United States Congress any member may be chosen to preside in a committee of the whole. A joint committee is one made up of separate committees appointed by two bodies; in the United States, owing to the dual constitution of the legislatures, it is often necessary to appoint such joint committees to bring the two bodies to a mutual understanding and make harmonious action possible. ”
Source: Wikisource

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