“ What is the [practical] difference between vowed sacrifices and donations? Only that [if] vowed sacrifices died or were stolen, [the owner] is liable to pay for a replacement; [whereas if] donations died or were stolen, [the owner] is not liable to pay for a replacement. ”

“ This is the scheme for [offering] bird-pairs: The [bird-pair offering which is] obligatory – one is a sin-offering, and one is an elevation-offering. For [birds which are] vowed sacrifices and donations – they are all elevation-offerings. Which is a vowed sacrifice? One who says, "I am hereby obligated to bring an elevation-offering." Which is a donation? One who says, "This [animal] is hereby an elevation-offering." ”