Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson

“ At last he became acquainted with Christianity, being at once impressed with the extraordinary fearlessness which the Christians displayed in the presence of death, and with the grandeur, stability, and truth of the teachings of the Old Testament. ”

“ Supposing the letters of Ignatius and the account of his martyrdom to be authentic, we learn from them that he voluntarily presented himself before Trajan at Antioch, the seat of his bishopric, when that prince was on his first expedition against the Parthians and Armenians (A.D. 107) ; and on professing himself a Christian, was condemned to the wild beasts. After a long and dangerous voyage he came to Smyrna, of which Polycarp was bishop, and thence wrote his four epistles to the Ephesians, the Magnesians, the Trallians, and the Romans. ”

“ The authorship, the date, and the doctrinal character of these books have been subjects of keen discussion in modern times. Especial prominence has been given to them by the Tübingen school. Hilgenfeld says: "There is scarcely a single writing which is of so great importance for the history of Christianity in its first stage, and which has already given such brilliant disclosures at the hands of the most renowned critics in regard to the earliest history of the Christian Church, as the writings ascribed to the Roman Clement, the Recognitions and Homilies." ”

“ It is very remarkable that Eusebius should have been altogether silent regarding him; and that writings, so elegant and powerful as are those which still exist under his name, should have been allowed in early times to sink into almost entire oblivion. ”

“ The writings of Justin Martyr are among the most important that have come down to us from the second century. He was not the first that wrote an Apology in behalf of the Christians, but his Apologies are the earliest extant. ”

“ They bear in themselves indubitable proofs of being the production of a later age than that in which Ignatius lived. Neither Eusebius nor Jerome makes the least reference to them; and they are now by common consent set aside as forgeries, which were at various dates, and to serve special purposes, put forth under the name of the celebrated bishop of Antioch.
But after the question has been thus simplified, it still remains sufficiently complex. Of the seven epistles which are acknowledged by Eusebius (Hist. Eccl. iii. 36) , we possess two Greek recensions, a shorter and a longer. ”

“ There are still those who hold that the balance of argument is in favour of the shorter Greek, as against these Syriac epistles. They regard the latter as an epitome of the former, and think the harshness which, according to them, exists in the sequence of thoughts and sentences, clearly shows that this is the case. We have therefore given all the forms of the Ignatian letters which have the least claim on our attention. [1] The reader may judge, by comparison for himself, which of these is to be accepted as genuine, supposing him disposed to admit the claims of any one of them. ”

“ But may God grant your prayers, that no unlucky eye nor any livid aspect may meet us, lest, by an extreme kind of prodigy, while those from whom he is taken do not envy, yet those upon whom he is bestowed should repine. Truly it is right to point out the plan of our translation to you, who have read these works also in Greek, lest haply in some parts you may think the order of translation not kept. I suppose you are aware that there are two editions in Greek of this work of Clement,—the Ἀναγνώσεις, that is, Recognitions ”

“ Creation, the, the Christian doctrine of, 9; the six days' work of, 76, 78; of the world, remarks on—Hesiod's weak conception, 79; of man, 84; an account of, 161, 162; implies providence, 365; mode of, 368; theories of, 368; from nothing, 369; atomic theory untenable, 369; concourse of atoms could not form a world, 370; Plato's testimony respecting, 371; mechanical theory of, 372; correspondences in, 379, 380.
Creator, the, no God above, 229; our Father, 231; the Supreme God, 232; necessary, 367; the world made from nothing by, 369.
Creatures, the, often take vengeance on sinners, 320. ”

“ Many of Justin's writings have perished. Those works which have come to us bearing his name have been divided into three classes.
The first class embraces those which are unquestionably genuine, viz. the two Apologies, and the Dialogue with Trypho. Some critics have urged objections against Justin's authorship of the Dialogue; but the objections are regarded now as possessing no weight.
The second class consists of those works which are regarded by some critics as Justin's, and by others as not his. They are: 1. An Address to the Greeks; 2. A Hortatory Address to the Greeks; 3. ”

“ The importance thus attached to these strange and curious documents by one school of theologians, has compelled men of all shades of belief to investigate the subject; but after all their investigations, a great variety of opinion still prevails on almost every point connected with these books. ”

“ Christian, the weakest, more powerful than the strongest demon, 300.
Christianity, the antiquity of, 120, 131.
Christians, the, worship God alone, 8, 9; their doctrine of creation, 9; the doctrine of, and of the Greeks, respecting God, compared, 27; hated unjustly, 32; the doctrines of, fitted for all, 36; the women of, vindicated, 37; falsely accused, 110; their doctrines of God and His law, 114, 115; the innocence of, defended, 119; the antiquity of the doctrines of, 120 ”

“ At the same time, this question has furnished a noble field for the display of learning and acuteness, and has, in the various forms under which it has been debated, given rise to not a few works of the very highest ability and scholarship. ”

“ The epistle in which the same Clement, writing to James the Lord's brother, informs him of the death of Peter, and that he had left him his successor in his chair and teaching, and in which also the whole subject of church order is treated of, I have not prefixed to this work, both because it is of later date, and because I have already translated and published it. ”

“ As the result of this discovery, Cureton published in 1845 a work, entitled, The Ancient Syriac Version of the Epistles of St Ignatius to St Polycarp, the Ephesians, and the Romans, etc., in which he argued that these epistles represented more accurately than any formerly published what Ignatius had actually written. This, of course, opened up the controversy afresh. While some accepted the views of Cureton, others very strenuously opposed them. ”

“ Prophet, the true, 153, 308; the advent of, 170; the rejection of, 170, 171; why called Christ, 173; a Priest also, 174; alone knows all things, 397; to be sought for by those who wish to learn, 398, 458, 459.
Prophets, the, inspired by the Holy Ghost, 74; holiness of life enjoined by, 99; precepts from the books of, 100, etc.; confirmed by the teachings of the Greek poets and philosophers, ; more ancient than the Greek writers, 125, 126.
Providence, opinions of the philosophers concerning, ; Ariston quoted respecting, 113; vindicated, 287; implied by creation, 365 ”

“ Others think that both books are expansions of another work which formed the basis. And others maintain that the one book is a rifacimento of the other by a different hand. Of this third party, some, like Cave, Whiston, Rosenmüller, Staüdlin, Hilgenfeld, and many others, believe that the Recognitions was the earliest [2] of the two forms: while others, as Clericus, Möhler, Lücke, Schliemann, and Uhlhorn, give priority to the Clementines. ”

“ Niceta, deceived at first by Simon Magus, bears testimony to the formidableness of the magician, 195; leaves Simon Magus and becomes a Christian, 205; and Aquila, discovered to be Clement's brothers, 352, 354; tells the story of his own and Aquila's shipwreck, 354, 355; pleads for the baptism of his mother, 356; discussion with the old workman, 362–381; recognises the old workman as his father, 420–423; pleads for his father's reception to the church, 427; admonition to Clement, 436; explains the allegories of the heathen, cosmogonical and mythological, 445–449, 451–453. ”

“ Cynic philosophers, the, 30.
Daphne, 443.
Days, the six, of creation, 76, 78; the typical character of, 82.
Dead men deified, 442.
Deluge, the, errors of the Greeks about, 121; accurate account of, 122.
Demons, 12; give rise to superstitions, 13, 14; worshipped by the Greeks, 18; their severe punishment, 19; structure of, 21; vain display of power by, 21,22; falsely promise health to their votaries, 22; deceive instead of healing, 23; depravity lies at the root of the worship of, 24; how they get power over men, 290; why they wish to possess men, 291; the gospel gives us power over, 291 ”

“ Emperors, Roman, testimony to Christians, 66–69.
Epicurus, opinions of, 82, 289.
Eucharist, 64.
Euripides, on a future judgment, 333; on false gods, 336–338.
Fables, heathen, 184.
Faith in Christ, 80, 97, 245, 252.
Fasting, 105.
Fate, 43–45, 78.
Flesh, human, 432.
Forgiveness of sin, 101, 143.
Foreknowledge of God, 45.
Forerunner of Christ, 151–153.
Free will in man and angels, 227, 276, 358.
Gentiles, 52; conversion of, 235–237, 252, 263, 264.
Giants, 406.
Goats, the two, 358.
God, 11–15, 31, 45, 76, 94, 98, 99, 355.
— His care for men, 31.
— how He appeared to Moses, 61. ”

“ INDEX OF SUBJECTS.
Adrian, emperor, his epistle in behalf of the Christians, 66. Advents of Christ, 126, 153, 236–238.
Æschylus on the unity of God, 330.
Analogies, heathen, to Christ's doctrine, 24. ”

“ Peter's discussion with, resumed, 241; a seducer, 241; his arrogance, 243; his subterfuges, 260, 261; his rage, 263; his vanity, 263, 264; his retreat, 264; resisted Peter as the Egyptian magicians did Moses, 269; a deserter from the camp of, 273; sets out for Rome, 273; is followed by Peter, 274; strange transformation wrought upon Faustinianus by, 459; strives to excite the people of Antioch against Peter, 460; stratagem used against, by Peter and Cornelius, 460; his design in the transformation of Faustinianus, 461–464; counter-plot of Peter against, 464–468; is defeated, 469. ”

“ Simon Magus, postponement of his discussion with Peter, 156, 157; how Peter was sent to meet, 189; how he challenged Peter, 190; a formidable opponent, 195; the impiety of, 195, 196; history of, 196; the secret of his magical power, 200; professes to be God, 201; professes to have made a boy of air, 202; hopelessness of the case of, 202; his discussion with Peter begins, 205, etc. ”

“ Jews, their treatment of Christ, 39-48, 234.
— treatment of Christians, 38, 108, 136, 220.
— blame Christians for not observing the law, 98.
— they violate the eternal law, and interpret ill that of Moses, 101. ”

“ Matthidia, mother of Clement, her disappearance, 342; found at Aradus as a beggar woman, 344; her story, 345–347; Peter's reflections on her story,—recognised by Clement, 348, 349; recapitulation of her story, 351, 352; recognised by Aquila and Niceta, 352–354; seeks baptism, 353, 355; baptism of, delayed, 356, 357; baptized, 358; recognises her husband, 423; accompanies her husband to Antioch, 465, 466.
Mechanical theory of creation, the, 372. Medea, 439.
Medicine, the vanity of, 23, 24.
Melchizedek, 97.
Men, naturally enemies of God, 203 ”

“ Isa. xlix. 6, 8, page 253, 454. li. 4, 5, 100. lii. 4, 5, 100. lii. 5, 108. lii. 10 ff., 103. lii. 13–15, 49. lii. 15, 248. liii. 1, 2, 139, 242, 248. liii. 1–8, 49. liii. 7, 238, 242. liii. 8, 173, 247. liii. 8–12, 50, 141. liii. 9, 221. liv. ”

“ Prophecy, different modes of, 38.
— certainly fulfilled, 50.
Prophecies concerning Christ, 34–52, 126–142, 152, 173–181, 191–197, 203–207.
Prophets, Hebrew, 32; use the past tense, 46; truth learned from them, 95. ”

“ Flood, history of the, 96, 163; the world after the, 164; brought as the punishment of evil-doers, 391.
Form of sound words, the, 382.
Fourth day's work of creation, the, 82.
Frauds, pious, singular illustrations of, 460–469.
Free-will, the sins of men spring from, 16; possessed by men, 306, 403. ”