“ It seems a little difficult to tell some of the young fronds of O. vulgatum from the mature ones of O. arenarium, and yet the extremes are so different, and the habit and habitat so distinct, that I have concluded to maintain them as separate species. That O. arenarium has originated from O. vulgatum, and that intermediate forms may be found in young or poorly developed forms of O. vulgatum does not alter the view from the modern standpoint of evolution.
Young and immature specimens of what have been supposed to be O. vulgatum have been collected by a number of American botanists. ”

“ The Fourth of July excursion of the Torrey Botanical Club in company with the Philadelphia Botanical Club and the Washington botanists, took place at Wildwood, New Jersey, a flourishing seaside colony about 12 miles from Cape May. ”

“ The small, immature specimen from North Elba has a broad oval frond, 2 cm. long by 1 cm, wide, and agrees with the broadest of the small ones collected by Dr. Gray. The specimens from Glens Falls are five in number; the tallest of them is 11 cm. in height with a fertile spike and pedicel 7 cm. long, and they resemble fruiting specimens of O. arenarium. ”