Charles Darwin

“ Fuchsias, origin of, i. 364; bud-variation in, i. 382. Fuchsia coccinea and fulgens, twin seed produced by crossing, i. 391. Fuegians, their superstition about killing young water-fowl, i. 310; selection of dogs by the, ii. 207; their comparative estimation of dogs and old women, ii. 215; their power of distant vision, ii. 223. Fungi, parasitic, ii. 284-285. Furcula, characters and variations of the, in pigeons, i. 167; alteration of, by disuse, in pigeons, i. 175; characters of, in fowls, i. 268. Fusion of homologous parts, ii. 393. Gait, inheritance of peculiarities of, ii. 6. ”

“ Lecoq, bud-variation in Mirabilis jalapa, i. 382; hybrids of Mirabilis, i. 393, ii. 169, 265; crossing in plants, ii. 127; fecundation of Passiflora, ii. 137; hybrid Gladiolus, ii. 139; sterility of Ranunculus ficaria, ii. 170; villosity in plants, ii. 277; double asters, ii. 316. Le Couteur, J., varieties of wheat, i. 313-315; acclimatisation of exotic wheat in Europe, i. 315; adaptation of wheat to soil and climate, i. 316; selection of seed-corn, i. 318; on change of soil, ii. 147; selection of wheat, ii. 200; natural selection in wheat, ii. 233; cattle of Jersey, ii. ”

“ Blyth, E., on the Pariah dog, i. 24; hybrids of dog and jackal, i. 32; early domestication of cats in India, i. 43; origin of domestic cat, ib.; crossing of domestic and wild cats, i. 44; on Indian cats resembling Felis chaus, i. 45; on striped Burmese ponies, i. 58; on the stripes of the ass, i. 63; on Indian wild pigs, i. 66; on humped cattle, i. 79, 80; occurrence of Bos frontosus in Irish crannoges, i. 81; fertile crossing of zebus and common cattle, i. 83; on the species of sheep, i. 94; on the fat-tailed Indian sheep, i. 96; origin of the goat, i. 101; on rabbits breeding in India, i. ”

“ Anglesea, cattle of, i. 80. Angola sheep, i. 95. Angora, change in hair of animals at, ii. 278; cats of, i. 45, 47; rabbits of, i. 106, 120. Animals, domestication of, facilitated by fearlessness of man, i. 20; refusal of wild, to breed in captivity, ii. 149; compound, individual peculiarities of, reproduced by budding, i. 374; variation by selection in useful qualities of, ii. 220. Annual plants, rarity of bud-variation in, i. 408. Anomalies in the osteology of the horse, i. 50. Anomalous breeds of pigs, i. 75; of cattle, i. 89. Anser albifrons, characters of, reproduced in domestic geese, i. ”

“ German superstition about the turkey, i. 293; occurrence of horns in hornless breeds of sheep, ii. 30; hybrids of the horse and ass, ii. 68; crosses of tailless fowls, ii. 92; difficulty of pairing dove-cot and fancy pigeons, ii. 103; fertility of tame ferrets and rabbits, ii. 112; fertility of wild sow, ibid.; difficulty of breeding caged birds, ii. 154; comparative fertility of Psittacus erithacus in captivity, ii. 155; on changes of plumage in captivity, ii. 158; liability of light-coloured cattle to the attacks of flies, ii. 229; want of exercise a cause of variability, ii. ”

“ Quagga, effect of fecundation by, on the subsequent progeny of a mare, i. 403-404. Quatrefages, A. de, on the burrowing of a bitch to litter, i. 77; selection in the silkworm, i. 301; development of the wings in the silkmoth, i. 303, ii. 298; on varieties of the mulberry, i. 334; special raising of eggs of the silkmoth, ii. 197; on disease of the silkworm, ii. 228; on monstrosities in insects, ii. 269, 391; on the Anglo-Saxon race in America, ii. 276; on a change in the breeding season of the Egyptian goose, ii. 304; fertilisation of the Teredo, ii. ”

“ Kölreuter, reversion in hybrids, i. 392, ii. 36; acquired sterility of crossed varieties of plants, i. 358, ii. 101; absorption of Mirabilis vulgaris by M. longiflora, ii. 88; crosses of species of Verbascum, ii. 93, 107; on the hollyhock, ii. 107; crossing varieties of tobacco, ii. 108; benefits of crossing plants, ii. 130, 131, 175-176; self-impotence in Verbascum, ii. 136, 141; effects of conditions of growth upon fertility in Mirabilis, ii. 164; great development of tubers in hybrid plants, ii. 172; inheritance of plasticity, ii. 241; variability of hybrids of Mirabilis, ii. ”

“ Salmon, early breeding of male, ii. 384. Salter, Mr., on bud-variation in pelargoniums, i. 378; in the Chrysanthemum, i. 379; transmission of variegated leaves by seed, i. 383; bud-variation by suckers in Phlox, i. 384; application of selection to bud-varieties of plants, i. 411; accumulative effect of changed conditions of life, ii. 262; on the variegation of strawberry leaves, ii. 274. Salter, S. J., hybrids of Gallus Sonneratii and the common fowl, i. 234, ii. 45; crossing of races or species of rats, ii. 87-88. Samesreuther, on inheritance in cattle, ii. 10. Sandford. ”

“ Natural selection, its general principles, i. 2-14. Nature, sense in which the term is employed, i. 6. Naudin, supposed rules of transmission in crossing plants, ii. 68; on the nature of hybrids, ii. 48-49; essences of the species in hybrids, ii. 386, 401; reversion of hybrids, ii. 36, 49-50; reversion in flowers by stripes and blotches, ii. 37; hybrids of Linaria vulgaris and purpurea, ii. 94; pelorism in Linaria, ii. 58, 346; crossing of peloric Linaria with the normal form, ii. 70; variability in Datura, ii. 266; hybrids of Datura lævis and stramonium, i. ”

“ Newton, A., absence of sexual distinctions in the Columbidæ, i. 162; production of a "black-shouldered" pea-hen among the ordinary kind, i. 291; on hybrid ducks, ii. 157. Ngami, Lake, cattle of, i. 88. "Niata" cattle, i. 89-91; resemblance of to Sivatherium, i. 89; prepotency of transmission of character by, ii. 66. "Nicard" rabbit, i. 107. Nicholson, Dr., on the cats of Antigua, i. 46; on the sheep of Antigua, i. 98. Nicotiana, crossing of varieties and species of, ii. 108; prepotency of transmission of characters in species of, ii. 67; contabescence of female organs in, ii. ”

“ Spaniels, in India, i. 38; King Charles's, i. 41; degeneration of, caused by interbreeding, ii. 121. Spanish fowls, i. 227, 250, 253; figured, i. 226; early development of sexual characters in, i. 250, 251; furcula of, figured, i. 268. Species, difficulty of distinguishing from varieties, i. 4; conversion of varieties into, i. 5; origin of, by natural selection, ii. 414-415; by mutual sterility of varieties, ii. 185-189. Spencer, Lord, on selection in breeding, ii. 195. Spencer, Herbert, on the "survival of the fittest," i. 6; increase of fertility by domestication, ii. 111; on life, ii. ”

“ Negroes, polydactylism in, ii. 14; selection of cattle practised by, ii. 207. Neolithic period, domestication of Bos longifrons and primigenius in the, i. 81; cattle of the, distinct from the original species, i. 87; domestic goat in the, i. 101; cereals of the, i. 317. Nerve, optic, atrophy of the, ii. 297. Neumeister, on the Dutch and German pouter pigeons, i. 138; on the Jacobin pigeon, i. 154; duplication of the middle flight feather in pigeons, i. 159; on a peculiarly coloured breed of pigeons, "Staarhalsige Taube," i. 161; fertility of hybrid pigeons, i. ”

“ Female, affected by male element, ii. 365, 387-388. Female flowers, in male panicle of maize, i. 321. Fennel, Italian variety of, i. 326. Feral cats, i. 47; cattle, i. 86; rabbits, i. 111-115; Guinea fowl, i. 294; animals and plants, reversion in, ii. 32-34, 47. Ferguson, Mr., supposed plurality of origin of domestic fowls, i. 231; chickens of black game-fowls, i. 244; relative size of eggs of fowls, i. 248; yolk of eggs of game-fowls, i. 249; early pugnacity of game-cocks, i. 250; voice of the Malay fowl, i. 259; effects of interbreeding on fowls, ii. 124; selection in Cochin China fowls, ii. ”

“ Linnæus, summer and winter wheat regarded as distinct species by, i. 315; on the single-leaved strawberry, i. 353; sterility of Alpine plants in gardens, ii. 163; recognition of individual reindeer by the Laplanders, ii. 251; growth of tobacco in Sweden, ii. 307. Linnet, ii. 158. Linota cannabina, ii. 158. Linum, ii. 165. Lion, fertility of, in captivity, ii. 150, 151. Lipari, feral rabbits of, i. 113. Livingstone, Dr., striped young pigs on the Zambesi, i. 77; domestic rabbits at Loanda, i. 112; use of grass-seeds as food in Africa, i. ”

“ White, Mr., reproduction of supernumerary digits after amputation, ii. 14; time occupied in the blending of crossed races, ii. 87. White, Gilbert, vegetable diet of dogs, ii. 303. White and white-spotted animals, liability of, to disease, ii. 336-337. White flowers, most truly reproduced by seed, ii. 20. Wichura, Max, on hybrid willows, ii. 50, 131, 267; analogy between the pollen of old-cultivated plants, and of hybrids, ii. ”

“ Rolleston, Prof., incisor teeth affected in form in cases of pulmonary tubercle, ii. 332. Romans, estimation of pigeons by, i. 205; breeds of fowls possessed by, i. 231, 247. Rooks, pied, ii. 77. Rosa, cultivated species of, i. 366. Rosa devoniensis, graft-hybrid produced by, on the white Banksian rose, i. 396. Rosa indica and centifolia, fertile hybrids of, i. 366. Rosa spinosissima, history of the culture of, i. 367. Rosellini, on Egyptian dogs, i. 17. Roses, i. 366-367; origin of, i. 364; bud-variation in, i. 379-381; Scotch, doubled by selection, ii. 200; continuous variation of, ii. ”

“ Hewitt, Mr., reversion in bantam cocks, i. 240; degeneration of silk fowls, i. 243; partial sterility of hen-like male fowls, i. 252; production of tailed chickens by rumpless fowls, i. 259; on taming and rearing wild ducks, i. 278-279, ii. 233, 262-263; conditions of inheritance in laced Sebright bantams, ii. 22; reversion in rumpless fowls, ii. 31; reversion in fowls by age, ii. 39; hybrids of pheasant and fowl, ii. 45, 68; assumption of male characters by female pheasants, ii. 51; development of latent characters in a barren bantam hen, ii. ”

“ Aylesbury, inheritance of early hatching by, ii. 25; reversion in, produced by crossing, ii. 40; wildness of half-bred wild, ii. 45; hybrids of, with the musk duck, ii. 45-46; assumption of male plumage by, ii. 51; crossing of Labrador and penguin, ii. 97; increased fertility of, by domestication, ii. 112; general fertility of, in confinement, ii. 157; increase of size of, by care in breeding, ii. 199; change produced by domestication in, ii. 262. Duméril, Aug., breeding of Siredon in the branchiferous stage, ii. ”

“ Daudin, on white rabbits, ii. 230. Davy, Dr., on sheep in the West Indies, i. 98. Dawkins and Sandford, early domestication of Bos longifrons in Britain, i. 81. Deaf-mutes, non-heredity of, ii. 22. Deafness, inheritance of, ii. 78. Deby, wild hybrids of common and musk ducks, ii. 46. De Candolle, Alph., number and origin of cultivated plants, i. 306-307, 371; regions which have furnished no useful plants, i. 310; wild wheat, i. 312-313; wild rye and oats, i. 313; antiquity of varieties of wheat, i. 316; apparent inefficacy of selection in wheat, i. 318; origin and cultivation of maize, i. ”

“ Beech, dark-leaved, i. 362, ii. 19; fern-leaved, reversion of, i. 382; weeping, non-production of by seed, ii. 19. Beechey, horses of Loochoo Islands, i. 53. Beet, i. 326; increase of sugar in, by selection, ii. 201. Begonia frigida, singular variety of, i. 365; sterility of, ii. 166. Belgian rabbit, i. 106. Bell, T., statement that white cattle have coloured ears, i. 85. Bell, W., bud-variation in Cistus tricuspis, i. 377. Bellingeri, observations on gestation in the dog, i. 30; on the fertility of dogs and cats, ii. 112. Belon, on high-flying pigeons in Paphlagonia, i. 209 ”

“ Beans, i. 330; of Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 319; varieties of, produced by selection, ii. 218; French and scarlet, variable resistance of to frost, ii. 309, 314; superiority of native seed of, ii. 314; a symmetrical variation of scarlet, ii. 322; experiments on kidney, i. 330; with monstrous stipules and abortive leaflets, ii. 343. Beard, pigeon, i. 151. Bears, breeding in captivity, ii. 151. Beasley, J., reversion in crossed cattle, ii. 41. Beaton, D., effect of soil upon strawberries, i. 353; on varieties of pelargonium, i. 364, ii. 274, 311; bud-variation in Gladiolus colvillii, i. ”

“ Llama, selection of, ii. 208. Lloyd, Mr., taming of the wolf, i. 26; English dogs in northern Europe, i. 36; fertility of the goose increased by domestication, i. 288; number of eggs laid by the wild goose, ii. 112; breeding of the capercailzie in captivity, ii. 156. Loanda, domestic rabbits at, i. 112. Loasa, hybrid of two species of, ii. 98. Lobelia, reversion in hybrids of, ii. 392; contabescence in, ii. 166. Lobelia fulgens, cardinalis, and syphilitica, ii. 136. Lockhart, Dr., on Chinese pigeons, i. 206. Locust-tree, ii. 274. Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, originals of cultivated plants, i. ”

“ Kidneys, compensatory development of the, ii. 300; fusion of the, ii. 341; shape of, in birds, influenced by the form of the pelvis, ii. 344. King, Col., domestication of rock doves from the Orkneys, i. 184, 185. King, P. S., on the Dingo, i. 21, 28. Kirby and Spence, on the growth of galls, ii. 283. Kirghisian sheep, i. 98. Kite, breeding in captivity, ii. 154. Kleine, variability of bees, i. ”