Lafcadio Hearn

“ Çramana. — An ascetic; one who has subdued his senses. For an interesting history of this term, see Burnouf, — "Introduction à l'histoire du Buddhisme Indien."
Damâri. — A peculiar chant, of somewhat licentious character, most commonly sung during the period of the Indian carnival. For an account, at once brief and entertaining, of Hindoo popular songs and hymns, see Garcin de Tassy, — "Chants populaires de l'Inde."
Dogs of Fo. — The Dog of Fo is one of those fabulous monsters in the sculptural representation of which Chinese art has found its most grotesque expression. ”

“ The female is said to sing in imperfect tones; the male in perfect tones. The fung-hoang figures largely in Chinese musical myths and legends.
Gopia (or Gopìs) . — Daughters and wives of the cowherds of Vrindavana, among whom Krishna was brought up after his incarnation as the eighth avatar of Vishnu. Krishna's amours with the shepherdesses, or Gopia, form the subject of various celebrated mystical writings, especially the Prem-Ságar, or "Ocean of Love" (translated by Eastwick and by others) ”

“ Crowds brought the earth in baskets; they threw it with shouts into the frames; they beat it with responsive blows; they pared the walls repeatedly till they sounded strong. — Sacred Books of the East ”

“ Li-shu. — The second of the six styles of Chinese writing, for an account of which see Williams's "Middle Kingdom." ... According to various Taoist legends, the decrees of Heaven are recorded in the "Seal-character," the oldest of all; and marks upon the bodies of persons killed by lightning have been interpreted as judgments written in it. The following extraordinary tale from the Kan-ing-p'ien affords a good example of the superstition in question:—
Tchang-tchun was Minister of State under the reign of Hoeï-tsong, of the Song dynasty. He occupied himself wholly in weaving perfidious plots. ”

“ Tsing-jin. — "Men of Tsing." From very ancient times the Chinese have been wont to call themselves by the names of their famous dynasties, — Han-jin, "the men of Han"; Thang-jin, "the men of Thang," etc. Ta Tsing Kwoh ("Great Pure Kingdom") is the name given by the present dynasty to China, — according to which the people might call themselves Tsing-jin, or "men of Tsing." Williams, however, remarks that they will not yet accept the appellation.
Verses (Chinese) . — The verses preceding "The Legend of Tchi-Niu" afford some remarkable examples of Chinese onomatopœia. ”

“ See also Burnouf's partial translation of the Bhagavata Parana, and Théodore Pavie's "Kriçhna et sa doctrine." . . . The same theme has inspired some of the strangest productions of Hindoo art: for examples, see plates 65 and 66 of Moor's "Hindoo Pantheon" (edition of 1861) . For accounts of the erotic mysticism connected with the worship of Krishna and the Gopia, the reader may also be referred to authorities cited in Barth's "Religions of India" ”