Legislative Council of Hong Kong

“ A scheme may be a pyramid scheme regardless of—
(a) who holds out to a new participant the prospect of entitlement to a recruitment payment; (b) who is to make a recruitment payment to a new participant; and (c) who is to introduce a further new participant to the scheme. (3) A scheme may be a pyramid scheme even if it has any or all of the following characteristics—
(a) the scheme involves the marketing of goods or services (or both) ; (b) a participation payment may or must be made after a new participant begins to participate in the scheme ”

“ If a person is convicted of an offence under this Ordinance, the court may, in addition to passing any sentence that may otherwise be passed by law, order the person to pay an amount of compensation that it thinks reasonable to any person who has suffered financial loss resulting from that offence. ”