“ Their main dependence is agriculture, each pueblo cultivating its fields in common, usually by aid of irrigation from an adjoining stream, and producing corn and beans in many native varieties, with melons, squashes, and other vegetables, chile, tobacco, as well as peaches, introduced by the early Franciscan missionaries. The grinding of the meal upon stone metates and the baking of the bread upon heated slabs of stone occupies a large share of the woman's indoor time, while pottery and the field occupy her attention outside. ”

“ In some tribes, as the Hopi, the unmarried women are distinguished by a peculiar arrangement of the hair. They are all basket-makers, each pueblo having its own method or design. In variety of pattern and beauty of decoration they have developed the pottery art to a higher stage than was found anywhere else in the United States. ”

“ Since the Government has interfered to restrain the predatory tribes, most of the Pueblos have come down upon the plain, but the Hopi of Arizona still have their villages upon mesas several hundred feet above the surrounding level. Their houses are solidly built communal structures of adobe or stone set in clay mortar, with square rooms and flat roofs, through which trap-doors with ladders give access to the interior, the outer walls being frequently without door or window as a precaution against attack. ”

“ Rooms are added to the original structure as needed, and a whole village frequently forms one compact building, with stories in terrace style, one above another. An important feature of each pueblo is the kiva or underground chamber for the use of the various ceremonial societies. ”

“ Taking care to make their preparation complete, the Spaniards gathered their forces together for another invasion of the country, and this time with such success that by 1692 the reconquest of the Pueblos was complete. ”