Thomas Owen Rice

“ Defendants seek clarification regarding their obligations in light of a potentially contradictory order out of the Northern District of Texas. ECF No. 81. That order is currently stayed and was not in effect at the time of this Court’s preliminary injunction. Id. at 2. Under these circumstances, because the Court has jurisdiction over the parties before it and limited its preliminary injunction only to the Plaintiff States and the District of Columbia, this Court’s preliminary injunction was effective as of April 7, 2023 and must be followed by Defendants. ”

“ First, “nationwide injunctive relief may be inappropriate where a regulatory challenge involves important or difficult questions of law, which might benefit from development in different factual contexts and in multiple decisions by the various courts of appeals.” ”