Alfred Webb

“ Eminent persons born abroad of Irish parentage, or in Ireland of parents who were not natives, are not included, unless they spent a considerable portion of their lives in the country, received their education there, or were in some way distinguished in connexion with its annals. ”

“ It is hard to say how far civilized nations are justified in the means they take to establish their authority in barbarous regions; but wherever the white man plants his foot, a baptism of blood is almost sure to follow before he establishes his claim to possession. The quarrel in Port Philip soon became a struggle between pillage and murder on the one hand, and ruthless barbarity and cold-blooded massacre on the other. ”

“ In the selection and rejection of names, and in the proportionate length of the sketches, it is probable that many readers may consider that sufficient judgment has not been exhibited. In such a compilation much depends on the materials available: there can be little doubt that, owing to the existence of full and well-written memoirs, several of the persons introduced have received notices out of proportion to their merits, while others of higher claims, owing to lack of material, have been dealt with very imperfectly, or perhaps not at all. ”

“ For the sketches of the personages of very remote times, the writer, in common with all his predecessors, has had to depend on authorities of doubtful value — some of which must be purely mythical: as a rule, all dates and particulars relating to times in which regular contemporary records were not kept, should be received with caution. ”

“ New diggings were constantly being discovered, chiefly through the enterprize of Americans, and the yield of gold reached the high average of one million sterling per month. Still the average earnings on the gold fields were below the average rate of wages throughout the rest of the colony. Indeed it must always be so in gold-digging countries; for so long as a man can live and support himself at the diggings (where he has a chance of making his fortune) he will not be likely to leave them, unless more than his average earnings are offered him elsewhere. ”

“ Chisholm and other benevolent persons, to encourage emigration and send out willing hands to turn the Australian wilderness into a garden, were very well in theory. But these philanthropists overlooked, or were ignorant of the fact, that, with the exception of the squatters (who are but a small portion of the community) , the bushmen had no homes, nor any portion of the wilderness to turn into gardens; that for want of these they are leading a half-savage life, rarely stopping with one employer more than a few weeks, and spending their earnings in gross excess and licentiousness. ”

“ People would not pay the high price for land; settlers continued to spread over the country as squatters; the land-sales almost entirely ceased, and so did emigration.
Still the home government was prepared to go farther in backing up Mr. Wakefield; and in 1842 they passed an Act (5 and 6 Vict. c. 36) "for regulating the sale of waste land belonging the crown in the Australian colonies." The substance of this Act was, that no lands must be held unless they had been bought or were held by licence; the lowest upset price to be £1 per acre ”

“ It has not been thought necessary to refer by number to several of the books of reference of which I have made constant use.
The lives are arranged alphabetically according to the surnames. Where there is a near relationship between persons of the same surname, they are placed in genealogical order. ”

“ A short sketch of the rise and progress of this colony will, perhaps, justify me in the conclusion to which I came, that most of these evils are to be attributed to the difficulty of procuring land; the labourer, in receipt of large wages, being thus deprived of the inducement to save his earnings and invest them in a settled home. ”

“ Those in parentheses indicate the volume, series, or date. Where the number or volume of serial publications is not indicated, reference is implied to the number or volume shortly following the date on which the subject of the notice died. ”

“ The original settlers took possession, as squatters, of as much land as they found necessary for the pasturage of their flocks and herds. This was, indeed, the most natural arrangement at the commencement of the colony, nor had the government power to order it otherwise. Those who wanted to buy land paid five shillings an acre. Things went on very well in this way; the squatters first occupying the land and then buying it for themselves, or else giving place to others and moving back upon unoccupied tracts. ”

“ I knew a man who was employed as cook for thirty shillings a week, and who had given up a situation of £500 per annum, in London, to better himself in Australia; I have seen ex-Manchester cotton-spinners, and army and navy officers, working at the hardest manual labour ”

“ They recommended an entire alteration in the administration on the gold fields; the extension of political rights to the diggers as well as to the other sections of the community, and the imposition of a very low licence-fee to maintain a small police force at the diggings. To supply the deficit in the revenue, caused by the abolition of the old licence fee, they proposed an export duty of 2s. 6d. per ounce (or about three percent.) on gold. But, above all things, they recommended that land should be freely thrown into the market. ”

“ London, 1862. 212 Leaders of Public Opinion in Ireland—Swift, Flood, Grattan, and O'Connell: William E. H. Lecky. First and Second Editions. London, 1861–'71. Lecky, William E. H., see No. 212. 213 Lefroy, Chief Justice, Memoir: Thomas Lefroy. Dublin, 1871. 214 Leland, Thomas, D.D., Sermons, with Memoir prefixed. 3 vols. Dublin, 1788. Leland, Thomas, D.D., see No. 172. 215 Limerick, Its History and Antiquities: Maurice Lenihan. Dublin, 1866. Lodge, John, see also No. 161. 216 Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, Revised and Enlarged by Mervyn Archdall. 7 vols. Dublin, 1789. ”

“ The treasures obtained at the diggings by men unaccustomed to such a flood of wealth, were squandered in the most reckless manner. Melbourne was full of lucky diggers, whose only object was to get rid of their money as fast as possible. ”

“ T. W. Belcher, M.D. Dublin, 1865. 117* Dundalk, History of: John D'Alton and J. R. O'Flanagan. Dublin, 1864. 118 Ecclesiæ Hiberniæ Fasti: Rev. Henry Cotton: Indices by John R. Garstin, M.A, 5 vols. Dublin, 1851–'60. 119 Ecclesiastical History of Ireland: Rev. John Lanigan. 4 vols. Dublin, 1822. 120 Edgeworth, Richard Lovell: Memoirs, begun by himself and concluded by Maria Edgeworth. 2 vols. London, 1820. 121 Edgeworth de Firmont, Mémoires de M. l'Abbé: C. Sneyd Edgeworth. Paris, 1815. 121† Edinburgh Review, The. 122 Edmundson, William: Life, Travels, Sufferings, and Labours. Dublin, 1715. ”

“ Adam, Memoir; Alex. Stewart and George Revington. London, 1849. 17‡ Ballingarry, Personal Recollections of: Rev. P. FitzGerald, P.P. Dublin, 1861. (Pamphlet.) 18 Balfe, Michael William, Memoir: C. L. Kenney. London, 1875. 18* Bancroft, George, History of the United States. 10 vols. Boston, 1862–'74. 19 Banim, John, Life. Patrick John Murray. London, 1857. 20 Bards, Historical Memoirs of the Irish: Joseph C. Walker. Dublin, 1786. 21 Barrington, Sir Jonah. Historic Memoirs of Ireland. 2 vols. London, 1835. 22 Barrington, Sir Jonah, Personal Sketches of his own Time: Townsend Young, LL.D. 2 vols. ”

“ Many of these have retired, after being six or twelve months in business, with fortunes of £40,000 or £50,000. I have known many instances of men spending £800 or £900 at a public house in two or three weeks. It was not alone by diggers that this madness was practised; the high wages received by workmen vanished, to a great extent, in the same manner. At that time labourers were paid fifteen shillings for a day's work; carpenters, twenty-eight shillings; bricklayers, thirty shillings; and plasterers even three pounds per day. ”

“ London, 1822. 79 Church History, Collections in Irish: Rev. Laurence F. Renehan. Dublin, 1861. 80 Clarendon, Earl of: History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars. 8 vols. Oxford, 1826. 81 Clarke, Rev. Adam, Life: Rev. J. B. B. Clarke. 3 vols. London, 1833. 82 Cloncurry, Valentine, Lord: Personal Recollections. Dublin, 1849. 83 Clyn and Dowling's Annals of Ireland: Edited by the Very Rev. Richard Butler. (I. A. S.) Dublin, 1849. 84 Colby, Major-General, Memoir: Lieutenant-Colonel J. E. Portlock. London, 1869. Colgan, John, see No. 2. ”

“ The recipients of these enormous wages were often worse off (owing to the ruinous way in which they spent their money) than if they had been working at home for low wages and living on bread and water. ”

“ London, 1831. 200 Joyce, Patrick W., LL.D.: Irish Names of Places. Two Series. Dublin, 1869–'75. 201 Junius, Handwriting of. Professionally investigated: Charles Chabot. London, 1871. Keating, Rev. Geoffrey, see No. 171. 201* King, William, Archbishop of Dublin: The State of the Protestants of Ireland under the late King James's Government. London, 1691. See also No. 290. 201† King, Archbishop, Answer to a Book of, intituled. The State of the Protestants of Ireland. [ [ [author:Charles Leslie|Charles Leslie] ] , M.A.] London, 1692. ”

“ The plan of this gentleman was to sell the lands by auction at the high upset price of £1 per acre, and thus secure the land in the hands of men of property, and keep the colonists concentrated. The proceeds of the sales were to be devoted to the introduction of free emigrants, so that the settlers of capital might be well supplied with labour at low rates. ”

“ C. P., see No. 85*, 100, 205, 269. 241 Men of the Time. London, 1856–'75. 241† Miller, George, D.D., Philosophy of History. 4 vols. London, 1848–'9. 242 Military Operations Ireland, in August 1798. Dublin, 1799. (Pamphlet.) Mitchel, John, see Nos. 142, 173, 232, 269*. 243 Montgomery Manuscripts: Edited by Rev. George Hill. Belfast, 1869. 243† Montgomery, Rev. Henry, Sermons on death of: Rev. C. J. Macalester; Belfast, 1866. Christian Unitarian, January, 1866. (Pamphlets.) 244 Moore, Thomas, Memoir, Journal and Correspondence: Lord John Russell. 8 vols. London, 1850–'6. ”

“ They were granted leases, (with the right of pre-emption, for 320 acres or upwards, at one pound per acre without auction) and at the termination the lease they might claim compensation for improvement. The rent, which was calculated on a poll-tax of 4,000 sheep and 600 head of cattle as a minimum number, effectually excluded all small capitalists from the occupation of the land; the upset price of one pound per acre remained the same.
However, notwithstanding these regulations and changes, the district of Port Philip continued to thrive, and in 1849 the population amounted to 60,000. ”

“ Rev. Hugh J. Rose. 12 vols. London, 1850. 42* Biography, Christian Brothers' Handbook of. Dublin, 1872. (Pamphlet.) See also No. 78*. 42‡ Biografico (Diccionario Universal) : Don Juan Sala. Madrid, 1862. 43 Blackburne, Right Hon. Francis, Life: Edward Blackburne. London, 1874. 44 Blessington, Countess of, Life and Correspondence: Richard R. Madden, M.D. 3 vols. London, 1855. 44* Bonnell, James, Life: Rev. William Hamilton. ”

“ Dublin, 1865. 300‡ Saints, Lives of the: Alban Butler. 2 vols. Dublin, 1833. 301 Sham Squire and the Informers of 1798, William J. FitzPatrick. Dublin, 1869. 301† Scottish Highlands, Language and Literature of: J. S. Blackie. Edinburgh, 1876. 302 Shee, Sir Martin Archer, Life: Martin A. Shee. 2 vols. London, 1860. 303 Shell, Richard Lalor, Memoirs: W. Torrens M'Cullagh. 2 vols. London, 1855. 304 Shell's, Richard Lalor, Sketches Legal and Political: Edited with Notes by M. W. Savage. 2 vols. London, 1855. 305 Shelburne, William, Earl of. Life: Lord Edward FitzMaurice. 2 vols. ”

“ Dublin, 1705. 340 Warr of Ireland, from 1641 to 1653, by British Officer: Edited by E. H. Dublin, 1873. 341 Waterloo Lectures: Lieutenant-Colonel Chesney, R.E. London, 1868. 342 Wellesley, Richard, Marquis, Memoirs: R. R. Pearse. 3 vols. London, 1847. 343 Wellington, Duke of. Life: M. Brialmont, translated by Rev. G. R. Gleig. 4 vols. London, 1860. 343* Wellington, Maxims and Opinions of the Duke of: George H. Francis. London, 1845. 344 Wellington, Duke of, his Life: William H. Maxwell. London, 1852. 345 Wentworth, Life of Thomas, Earl of Strafford: Elizabeth Cooper. ”

“ Bolton, Sir Richard, 26
Bond, Oliver, 26
Bonnell, James, 26
Borlace, Edmund, 26
Boulter, Hugh, Archbishop, 27; note, 580
Bourke, see also De Burgh, 126
Bourke, Miles, Viscount Mayo, 580; imperfect notice, 27
Bourke, Sir Richard, 580; imperfect notice, 27
Bourke, Richard S., Earl of Mayo, 27
Bourke, Theobald, Viscount, 580
Bowden, John, Rev., 28
Bowles, William, 28 ”

“ De Burgh, Elizabeth}}, Lady, 127
De Burgh, Richard, Lord of Connaught, 127
De Burgh, Richard, 2nd Earl of Ulster, 127
De Burgh, Richard, 2nd Earl of Clanricard, 128
De Burgh, Richard, 4th Earl of Clanricard, 128
De Burgh, Ulick, 1st Earl of Clanricard, 127
De Burgh, Ulick, 5th Earl and Marquis of Clanricard, 128
De Burgh, Walter, 1st Earl of Ulster, 127
De Burgh, William FitzAdelm, 126
De Burgh, William, 3rd Earl of Ulster, 127
De Burgo, see De Burgh, 126
De Burgo, John, Rev., 128
De Clare, Richard, Earl Strongbow, 128 ”

“ Wingfield, Richard, Viscount Powerscourt, 571
Woffington, Margaret, 571
Wolfe, Arthur, Viscount Kilwarden, 572
Wolfe, Charles, Rev., 573
Wolfe, David, Rev., 573
Wood, Robert, 573
Wylie, Samuel B., Rev., 574
Wyse, Sir Thomas, 574
Yelverton, Barry, Viscount Avonmore, 574
York, Richard, Duke of, 575
Young, Arthur, 575
Young, Matthew, Bishop, 576
Zeuss, Johann K., 577
AUTHORITIES.
The small figures throughout the Compendium correspond to the numbers prefixed to the books in the list of Authorities,—pp. ”