Summary

1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 16… (1911)

Eng. levain, adapted from Fr. levain, in same sense, from Lat. levamen, which is only found in the sense of alleviation, comfort, levare, to lift up) , a substance which produces fermentation, particularly in the making of bread, properly a portion of already fermented dough added to other dough for this purpose (see Bread) . The word is used figuratively of any element, influence or agency which effects a subtle or secret change.
Source: Wikisource

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