Edmund Trelawny Backhouse and John Otway Percy Bland, China Under the Empress Dowager… (1914)
“ In the innocence of his lonely youth he frequented therefore the Eastern Palace, while Tzǔ Hsi, whose pride could brook no rivals, even in the heart of a child, was compelled to look on, and to realise that the forming of the future ruler's mind was in the hands of another woman. There were not lacking those who told her that her colleague, secretly and with ulterior motives, encouraged the boy to oppose and displease her. Under these conditions, it was inevitable that the young Emperor should gradually become a cause of increasing jealousy and friction between the two women. ”
