James Madison

“ The smaller the State the less intolerable is this form of government, its rigors being tempered by the facility and the fear of combinations among the people.
A Republic involves the idea of popular rights. A representative Republic chooses the wisdom of which hereditary aristocracy has the chance ”

“ Government.
In Monarchies there is a twofold danger: 1st. That the eyes of a good prince cannot see all that he ought to know. 2nd. That the hands of a bad one will not be tied by the fear of combinations against him. Both these evils increase with the extent of domain; and prove, contrary to the received opinion, that monarchy is even more unfit for a great State than for a small one, notwithstanding the greater tendency in the former to that species of government. ”

“ To secure all the advantages of such a system, every good citizen will be at once a sentinel over the rights of the people, over the authorities of the confederal government, and over both the rights and the authorities of the intermediate governments. ”