Mary Whiton Calkins

“ The idealist’s argument may then be restated, omitting the term which Mr. Turner criticizes. Such a restatement runs, briefly, as follows: Both the idealist and the neo-realist admit (1) that they have a consciousness indicated by the terms “yellow,” “cold,” and the like. The neo-realist holds (2) that he also perceives directly an extra-mental object, yellow and cold. But if this second statement be challenged (as by one who says “the object is gray, not yellow”) the neo-realist must fall back upon the position which he occupies with the idealist. ”

“ Turner’s contention that the term “experience” can not be unambiguously used. In the idealist’s mouth it means ”consciousness,” whereas the realist often interprets it to mean “object as experienced.” ”

“ A. O. Lovejoy, Philosophical Review, 1913, XXII., pages 410 ff., for criticism of the various attempts of neo-realists, in “The New Realism,” to explain illusion.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1929. ”