“ Twenty years later after I had roamed o'er the prairies and worked in the fields less than six arrow points were garnered and some of these were obtained from schoolmates. Yet my fascination for these relics has increased as we have learned more of the habits and haunts of the Indians, their different implements and the manner in which they were made.
The Indian hunters and warriors would often lose arrows while on the prairies, but we find them in greater numbers with other stone implements in some of the old village or camp-sites. ”

“ The name Cahokia given the group of mounds is derived from a tribe of Indians met by LaSalle in that vicinity, during his visit there in December, 1681. Growing upon Monk's mound may be seen a pear orchard, set out by the Monks, many of these trees are yet vigorous and bear fruit in season. Besides these fruit trees, there are many fine forest trees, some of which have reached a very large size; all of which tends to make this large mound one of the most picturesque sights in spring, summer and autumn. ”

“ The surrounding cultivated fields are strewn with pottery fragments mingled with which may be found many human bones and implements of the stone age. Here after the heavy spring rains are over may be plowed up many characteristic specimens. Surely in ages past what a mecca this location must have been!
Regarding the shape and size of the great Cahokia mound group it may be said that all types except the effigy are represented here the form of the largest mound is a parallelogram, with straight sides, the longer of which are north and south. ”

“ The variety and nature of material formed around the great Cahokia group clearly indicate that the mound builders or their successors had access to or traded with other tribes or people located at the headquarters of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, also on the Gulf of Mexico, and possibly from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, as evidenced by the vast quantities and nature of the material, from which such large varities of implements and ornaments were constructed. ”

“ Priests came, but were driven out by the Hopis. A few years later these Indians moved on top of three mesas. These appear as huge prows of ships projecting into the great desert. To protect themselves the Indians built their houses in terrace fashion of such material that one on the desert can with difficulty see them.
The Hopi is industrious. Walled in gardens, fields of corn on the plain and flocks of sheep show his agricultural interests. Weaving is done by the men in winter. They make all the clothing. The women build and own the houses. ”

“ May 8, 1912, at this place, my father found the barbed shank of a flint arrow head. Around this broken part of an arrow head were several flint chips. This led to a closer examination, which resulted in the finding of about three dozen pieces a flint core, and several arrow heads, some finished and several about half complete. Many trips have been made to this old camp site in the past two years and all the pieces, or parts of arrow heads as well as chips have been carefully preserved. On none of our trips have we come home empty handed. Even some pottery fragments have been found. ”

“ It is a notable fact that practically all arrow points found in this locality are small, ranging from three-quarters of an inch to an inch and one-half in length. The cut shows several other relics, all of which were found near "Cahokia." The surface of the adjoining fields are literally covered with fragments of ancient pottery. Judging from the fancy rims and handles and the engravings on these fragments it is evident that the mound builders were very adept in the manufacture of this kind of pottery. ”

“ The great variety of "finds" not only recalls many phases of the primitive life of the Indians but also shows that the "ancient arrow-maker" possessed patience and skill of the highest degree.
It is all the more wonderful when we consider that these results were obtained with such crude tools, and again that no artists of modern civilization can attain the technic or reproduce the work of these children of savagery.
In the accompanying illustration are some typical small flint or chert implements found in McLean County. ”

“ Milo Custer located a camp-site in section sixteen Bloomington Township and made a good find. I took up his trail and frequently visited the field being always rewarded by finding something of interest, including arrow and spear heads, knives, scrapers, drills and human teeth. No large implements were found there by me. This site was located on the south slope of a hill running down to what had been a pond in early days, the water probably standing there several feet deep throughout the year.
These sites disclose some very interesting facts and furnish much food for speculation. ”

“ Some fifty machines, mostly Fords, made the desert trip. The Hopis believe a great smoke in the earth controls the rain. A great many rattle and bull snakes are gathered and cared for in the underground "kivas" or caves. At sunset on the ninth day of the ceremony the snake men come from the kivas. They dance with the snake in the mouth until all have been thus treated. A priest frees them in the rocks and prays that the parent snake may give the Hopis rain. ”

“ The Hopi marriage is little more than a washing of the heads of each party in seperate bowls, then in one bowl. One may marry another if he is absent. Divorce is easily obtained by putting a man's saddle outside the door. ”

“ Our government maintains a school for children of each mesa and one more advanced at government headquarters. Those desiring to go further are sent to Indian schools. Some of these Hopis are known as unfriendlies—hostile to the government. ”

“ Kaufman for granting us the privilege of searching for the remains of those who lived many years before us.
A Trip to Petersburg, Ill. and Kingfisher's Hill By Mark Piper, Bloomington, Illinois
One of our most interesting trips was taken on May 18th, 1913 to Petersburg and Kingfisher Hill in an auto owned by T. R. Good. The party, S. W. LeNeve, Gus. Blumke, Chas. Robinson and myself met at the Court House in Bloomington, Ill, where Mr. Good met us at 5 a. m. with his machine. At about 10 a. m. we arrived at Bonnett brothers on whose farm we were to look for relics. ”

“ Cahokia Surface Finds, No. 3
Plate No. 2
1. Large arrow point or small flint hoe, length 3 inch 2. Sections of human skull 3. Outer shell of sacred conch shell 4. Perfect shape hammer stone, granite 5. Pottery ear from vessel 6. Potsherd, incised design, color black 7. Pottery, ducks head 8. Pottery, engraved design 9. Potsherd, reed, marked design, color red 11. Potsherd, reed, marked design, color yellow 12. Potsherd, raised, marked design, color black 13. Potsherd, reed, marked design, color red 14. Potsherd, reed, marked design, color brown 15. ”