Samuel Nelson

“ Doubtless a claim is to be construed in connection with the explanation contained in the specification, and it may be so drawn as, in effect, to make the specification an essential part of it, but, since the inventor must particularly specify and point out the part, improvement, or combination which he claims as his own invention or discovery, the specification and drawings are usually looked at only for the purpose of better understanding the meaning of the claim, and certainly not for the purpose of changing it, and making it different from what it is. ”

“ Rep. 220, that the application of an old process or machine to a similar or analogous subject, with no change in the manner of applying it, and no result substantially distinct in its nature, will not sustain a patent, even if the new form of result has not before been contemplated, has been applied in very many cases by this court. ”

“ Operation in metal would, of course, demand variations in organization, but not necessarily anything more than would result from the experience of the intelligent mechanic. The Springs did not claim a combination of a slotted guide cam, an adjusting screw, a spring, guiding rods, etc., with a fr mer, a cutting tool, a rest, and a griping chuck, and, as it stands, the claim was, in the existing state of the art, for an analogous or double use, and not partentable. ”