William O. Douglas

“ Each protects in a different way the rights and privileges secured to individuals by the Constitution.' One would indeed have to strain hard at words to find any difference of substance between 'any right or privilege secured' by the Constitution or laws of the United States (§ 19) and 'any rights, privileges, or immunities secured or protected by the Constitution and laws of the United States' (§ 20) . If § 20 embraces a broader range of rights than § 19, it must be because it includes 'immunities' as well as 'rights' and 'privileges' and 'protects' them as well as 'secures' them. ”

“ In Screws v. United States, supra, we relieved § 20 of the risk of unconstitutionality by reason of vagueness. We held that 'a requirement of a specific intent to deprive a person of a federal right made definite by decision or other rule of law saves the Act from any charge of unconstitutionality on the grounds of vagueness.' 325 U.S. p. 103, 65 S.Ct. at page 1036, 89 L.Ed. 1495. The same analysis does like service here, as evidenced both by the construction of § 19 and the charge to the jury in this case.
A conspiracy by definition is a criminal agreement for a specific venture. ”

“ If the drastic restriction now proposed for § 19 had been part of the architectural scheme for the Act of May 31, 1870, it is difficult to imagine that some trace of the purpose would not have been left in the legislative history. ”