Yosef Karo

“ They are permitted to write the verification of the document before the document is verified because the writing is not the primary aspect of the verification; the signing is. There are those that disagree.
Paragraph 25- If witnesses came and testified that at the time of the verification the judges were not in one siting but that each judge accepted the testimony by himself, the verification is invalid. The judges themselves are not believed to say that they were not together and that they did the verification improperly. There are those who validate such a verification. ”

“ Paragraph 3- What is the verification process? The witnesses of the document come and testify in front of three judges- who may even be laymen- that this is their signature and the judges will write on the bottom, “we were three who sat as one and so and so and so and so came and testified in front of us regarding their signatures and it became clear to us that this is their signatures. We uphold and affirm as is appropriate,” and they sign on bottom. ”

“ There are those that disagree. Similarly, we can verify a document from a single document that was protested against- there are those that say that even if no one protested, but the document was simply verified as we have later in seif 37- and was affirmed in court just as we verify from documents of two fields or two kesubos. ”

“ There are those that write that now that we have the custom that a designated Rabbi verifies documents solo, this kind of custom supersedes the strict law. This is in fact the widespread custom in these countries. ”

“ The rationale seems to me to be that we hold that a solo expert has the status of three laymen with respect to the rabbinical verification of documents and is therefore considered a court as was explained earlier in Siman 25. ”