It is a capital mistake to theorize before you have all the evidence. It biases the judgment.
 Arthur Conan Doyle, A Study in Scarlet (1887). copy citation

Context

“As for myself, I was silent, for the dull weather and the melancholy business upon which we were engaged, depressed my spirits.
«You don't seem to give much thought to the matter in hand,» I said at last, interrupting Holmes' musical disquisition.
«No data yet,» he answered. «It is a capital mistake to theorize before you have all the evidence. It biases the judgment.»
«You will have your data soon,» I remarked, pointing with my finger; «this is the Brixton Road, and that is the house, if I am not very much mistaken.»
«So it is. Stop, driver, stop!» We were still a hundred yards or so from it, but he insisted upon our alighting, and we finished our journey upon foot.” source

Meaning and analysis

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