George Rusby Kaye

“ Take the square of the radius and call it the constant. The fourth part of it is [the square of] Aries. The constant square is to be lessened by the square of Aries. The square-roots of the two quantities are the sines.
" (3) In order to find the rest take the double of the arc, deduct it from the quarter, diminish the radius by the sine of the remainder and add to the square of half of that the square of half the sine of double the arc. The square-root of the sum is the desired sine." ”

“ Other noteworthy points are the rules relating to volumes of solids which contain some remarkable inaccuracies, e.g., the volume of a pyramid is given as half the product of the height and the base; the volume of a sphere is stated to be the product of the area of a circle (of the same radius as the sphere) and the root of this area, or . Similar errors were not uncommon in later Indian works. ”

“ If, for example, the date of their composition were accepted as 500 B.C. a period of nearly 1,000 years, absolutely blank as far as mathematical notions are concerned, would have to be accounted for. ↑ Although Āryabhata's Ganita, as first published by Kern, is generally accepted as authentic, there is an element of doubt in the matter. ”