John Christopher Schwab

Name: 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6 — Confederate States of America
Author: John Christopher Schwab

1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

Summary

“1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6 — Confederate States of America”, published in 1911, is a work by John Christopher Schwab. It explores elements such as Confederate, cotton and Confederacy.

Quotes from 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (John Christopher Schwab)

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ The political history of the Confederate States is the culmination of an inevitable conflict, the beginnings of which are found in the earlier history of the Union. The financial and industrial history of the South during 1861 to 1865 is the story of a struggle with overwhelming odds. The mistakes of the Confederate government’s policy are overshadowed by its desperate efforts to maintain itself against the irresistible attacks of the North. In making that effort the South sacrificed everything, and emerged from the war a financial and industrial wreck. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ Tobacco and cotton, for instance, which found no buyers owing to the blockade, actually fell in value as quoted in gold. The great divergence of the price of these two commodities in the South and abroad—the Northern price of cotton increased more than tenfold during the war—offered the strongest inducement to evade the blockade and export them. A small amount of cotton reached the world’s market by way of the Atlantic ports or Mexico, and netted those concerned in the venture handsome profits. The same motive operated to encourage trade with the enemy. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ During the entire war the notion that the South possessed a most efficient engine of war in its monopoly of cotton buoyed up the hopes of the Southerners. The government strained every effort to secure recognition of the Confederacy as a nation by the great powers of Europe. It also more successfully secured foreigners’ financial recognition of the South by effecting a foreign loan based on cotton. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ There being, moreover, no manufactures to tax under an internal revenue system such as the North adopted, the Confederacy was cut off from deriving any considerable revenue from indirect taxation. The first Confederate tax law levied a direct tax of twenty millions of dollars, which was apportioned among the states. These, with the exception of Texas, contributed their apportioned share to the central government by issuing bonds or notes, so that the tax was in reality but a disguised form of loan. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ In the states and cities there was a strong tendency to relax or postpone taxation in view of the other demands upon the people.
With no revenue from taxation, and with the disastrous effects of the wholesale issue of paper money before it, the Confederate government made every effort to borrow money by the issue of bonds. The initial 15-million loan was soon followed by an issue of one hundred millions in bonds, which it was, however, difficult to place. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ The harvests in the South during the war were fairly abundant, as far as they were not destroyed by the advancing Northern armies. Maize was raised in large quantities, and, in general, the raising of food products instead of tobacco and cotton was encouraged by legislation and otherwise. The scarcity of food in the armies and cities was chiefly due to the breaking down of the means of transportation, and to the paper money policy and its attendant repressive measures. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ The blockade of the Southern ports, beginning in the spring of 1861, was much less spectacular than the operations of the army, but was quite as effective in breaking down the Confederacy. It cut off the South from obtaining foreign war supplies, and reduced it to dependence upon its own products, which were almost exclusively agricultural. Manufacturing industries hardly existed in the South. ”

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Source: Wikisource

John Christopher Schwab, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (1911)

“ The fluctuations of the gold premium in the North during the same years are a complementary movement, and correspondingly reflect the periods of popular elation and depression as to the final outcome of the war. ”

John Christopher Schwab

Summary

Quotes from 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 6… (John Christopher Schwab)

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