National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Name: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods — Perchloroethylene (Portable GC) in Exhaled Breath and Air (3704)
Author: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

Summary

“NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods — Perchloroethylene (Portable GC) in Exhaled Breath and Air (3704)”, published in 1994, is a work by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It explores elements such as perchloroethylene, sample and ppm.

Quotes from NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ To improve precision: (1) use a gas sampling loop for injections, if available; (2) make at least three replicate determinations per sample; (3) use an injection volume large enough to be precisely readable, and consistent with that used in calibration. 3. Integrated Air Sample. a. Evacuate a clean sample bag using the inlet port of a personal sampling pump. NOTE: To reduce memory effects and contamination, use only previously unused sample bags. Alternatively, purge used bags at least twice with clean air, then fill with clean air and analyze for perchloroethylene (step 6) . ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ The presence of a large number of compounds with retention times similar to perchloroethylene will cause a high background resulting in decreased sensitivity, possibly to the point where the LOQ approaches 1 ppm. Common human metabolites found in exhaled breath, as well as chemicals normally found in dry cleaning plants, do not interfere with the analysis of perchloroethylene. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Sample bags should be analyzed as soon after collection as practical. Perchloroethylene (at concentrations of 5, 25, and 100 ppm) was found to be stable in Tedlar bagsfor more than 8 hours (loss of analyte <8%) ; storage for 24 hours resulted in a greater loss of analyte with increased concentration (20% loss of analyte at 100 ppm after 24 hours) . Evaluation of this method, which uses a capillary column, indicated that perchloroethylene can be separated from acetone, isoprene, methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, benzene, butane, styrene, toluene and xylenes. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Perchloroethylene is a suspect carcinogen as well as an irritant to the eyes, nose, and skin. Wear appropriate protective clothing. Shipment of compressed gases must comply with 49 CFR 171-177 regulations regarding shipment of hazardous materials.
SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT: 1. Start GC instrument and allow to warm up according to manufacturer's instructions. Select sampling mode. NOTE: A straight baseline should be attained at the highest sensitivity likely to be used. 2. Spot Sample. Draw air sample into the gas sampling loop of the GC with the on-board sampling pump, if supplied. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Analyze working standards in triplicate under the same conditions as samples. c. Alternate analyses of samples and working standards, if possible. CALCULATIONS: 8. Determine mass, W (ppm) , of perchloroethylene by comparison of sample peak height with daily calibration graph (step 7) . Calculate concentration, C, of perchloroethylene in the sample volume 3 injected, V (mL) , applying the factor 6.8 to convert ppm to mg/m at NTP.
C
6.8 W , mg/m 3 V
NOTE 1: μg/mL mg/m3 NOTE 2: Some GCs will perform this calculation electronically if programmed appropriately during the calibration phase. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Exhaled Breath Sample (adapted from Toutonghi [4] ) a. Move subject to an area where ambient analyte concentrations are insignificant. b. Instruct subject to take 4 normal breaths followed by 1 deep inhalation. c. Hold the deep breath for 10 seconds. d. After 10 seconds, exhale the first half of the breath into the room and the last half through a tube filled with Dry-Rite into a sampling bag. f. Close the bag valve and queue the sample for analysis. 5. Obtain the perchloroethylene peak height or area of the injected sample (see Figure 1) . c.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY CONTROL: 6. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ In: Eller PM, Cassinelli ME, eds. th NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM) , 4 ed., 1st Supplement. Cincinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No.96-135. ”

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

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