author:Thomas Sprat

“ Let Hairy signify a Sky that hath many small, thin, and high Exhalations, which resemble Locks of Hair, or Flakes of Hemp or Flax; whose Varieties may be exprest by strait or curv'd, &c. according to the Resemblance they bear. Let Water'd signify a Sky that has many high thin and small Clouds, looking almost like water'd Tabby, call'd in some Places a Mackrel Sky. Let a Sky be call'd Wav'd, when those Clouds appear much bigger and lower, but much after the same manner. Cloudy, when the Sky has many thick dark Clouds. ”

“ Whether the under side of those Clouds be flat or waved and irregular, as I have often seen before Thunder, Which way they drive, whether all one Way, or some one way, some another, and whether any of these be the same with the Wind that Blows below; the Colour and Face of the Sky at the rising and setting of the Sun and Moon; what Haloes or Rings may happen to encompass those Luminaries, their Bigness, Form and Number.
"6.What Effects are produc'd upon other Bodies: As what Aches and Distempers in the Bodies of Men; what Diseases are most rife, as Colds, Fevers, Agues, &c. ”

“ For the English being the chief Masters of the Sugar Trade, and that falling very much in its Price of late Years, while all other outlandish Productions are risen in their Value; it would be a great Benefit to this Kingdom, as well as to our Western Plantations, if part of our Sugar, which is now in a manner a meer Drug, might be turned into Wine, which is a foreign Commodity, and grows every Day dearer; especially seeing this might be done, by only bruising and pressing the Canes, which would be a far less Labour and Charge, than the Way by which Sugar is now made. ”

“ Let there be of the eminentest Spots, dispersed over all Quarters of the Moon's surface, a select Number generally agreed on, to be constantly made use of to this Purpose, in all Parts of the World: As for Example, those which Hevelius calleth
"Let in each Eclipse (not all, but for instance) three of these Spots, which then lye nearest to the Ecliptic, be exactly observ'd, when they are first touched by the true Shadow, and again when they are just completely entred into it ”

“ The Degrees of Dryness and Moisture in the Air; which may be most conveniently observed by a Hygroscope, made with the single Beard of a wild Oat perfectly ripe, set upright and headed with an Index, after the Way described by Emanuel Magnan; the Conversions and Degrees of which may be measured by Divisions made on the rim of a Circle, in the Center of which, the Index is turned round: The Beginning or Standard of which Degree of Rotation, should be that, to which the Index points, when the Beard, being throughly wet, or covered with Water, is quite unwreathed, and becomes strait. ”

“ Methodus est, quæ in Regionibus longe dissitis & sub eodem Meridiano positis, Altitudinum Lunæ meridianarum, per sigulas Orbitæ Partes simul observatarum serie innititur: inde enim, Polorum Elevatione solum præcognita, certissima innotescit Globi Lunaris à Terrestri Distantia. ”

“ But because these Times considerably differ in Observations made by the bare Eye, from those with a Telescope, and because the Beginning of Eclipses and the End of total Darkness are scarce to be observed exactly, even with Glasses ”

“ Methodus altera, Geographicæ perficiendæ idonea, cum non aliam ob causam prævium Calculum adhibeat, nisi ut eo moniti plures, eidem Phænomeno, in dissitis locis, observando simul invigilent; Periodorum atque Epocharum ἀκρίβειαν minime desiderat.
Satellites Jovis numero sunt quatuor, varia apud Authores Nomina sortiti; nos ex diversis, quæ a Jove obtinent Intervallis, 1. Intimum, 2. Penintimum, 3. Penextimum, 4. Extimum appellabimus. ”

“ Hinc iisdem reciprocè passibus (Decremento sc. sensim increscente) diminuitur istiusmodi Intervallum, ad bimestre usque Tempus à dictâ Quadraturâ elapsum, quando iterum Diametro Joviali aequatur.
Posteà autem usque ad ipsa Acronychia, penextimus Umbram subiturus, aequabili ferè Gradu (singulis nempe Hebdomadis Quadrante Diametri) promotus, ad Limbum Jovs accedit. Intimi, pro diverso Jovis ad Solem Situ, Distantia eâdem planè ratione variatur: ejus enim, quam ubique obtinet, penextimus, Trienti fere perpetuo est aequalis. ”

“ Quæ cum ita sint, Tempus quadrimestre, à Sextili priori usque ad ipsa ferè Acronychia numerandum, utrique Satelliti observando erit unice opportunum: Penextimi autem soli, insuper trimestre, ab altero post Oppositionem mense ad Sextilem posteriorem. ”

“ Bonæ Spei, vel in Oceano Atlantico Sanctæ Helenæ Insulam, cumlocis in Europâ iis respondentibus, Satellitum Ope, ut docuimus, determinandis, in quibus istiusmodi Observationes commodissimè instituantur. ”

“ Maxima Satellitum in Umbra incidentium à Limbo Disci Jovialis Distantia, unâ aut alterâ, post priorem Solis & Jovis Quadraturam, Hebdomadâ contingit.
Estque ea penextimi Sesquidiametro Jovis ferè aequalis: Intimi verò Semidiametro ejusdem non multò major, sextâ ante memoratam Quadraturam Hebdomadâ. Penextimus Umbram ingrediens Diametro Jovis à Disco abest: Augendâ indè usque ad maximam Distantiâ, Incremento non uniformi, sed continuè decrescente. ”

“ Mense circiter post Jovem Soli oppositum, penextimus (Intimi post ☍ ☉ ♃, Immersiones observari non posse supra innuimus) simulac Corporis Jovialis Limbum orientalem transierit, occidentalem Umbra continuo intrabit.
Inde augetur paulatim penextimi evanescentis Distantia, donec unâ aut alterâ ante posteriorem Quadraturam Hebdomadâ, maxima evadat; quando à Disci Jovialis Margine Semidiametro ejusdem removetur. ”