by the Central Intelligence Agency

“ The country's own army is gradually being reestablished but is still too fragile to give the central government effective power. Syria's move toward supporting the Lebanese Muslims and the Palestinians and Israel's growing support for Lebanese Christians have brought the two sides into rough equilibrium, but no progress has been made on national reconciliation or political reforms—the original cause of the war. ”

“ Political subdivisions: 18 districts in mainland Portugal; Portugal's two autonomous regions, the Azores and Madeira Islands, have 4 districts (3 of them in the Azores) , Macao, Portugal's remaining overseas territory, was granted broad executive and legislative autonomy in February 1976; Portugal has not officially recognized the unilateral annexation of Portuguese Timor by Indonesia
Legal system: civil law system; constitution adopted April 1976 to be amended by Assembly elected in October 1980 ”

“ Land boundaries: 4,981 km
PEOPLE Population: 2,471,000 (July 1982) , average annual growth rate 2.6%
Nationality: noun—Central African (s) ; adjective—Central African
Ethnic divisions: approximately 80 ethnic groups, the majority of which have related ethnic and linguistic characteristics; Banda (32%) and Baya-Mandjia (29%) are largest single groups; 6,500 Europeans, of whom 6,000 are French and majority of the rest Portuguese
Religion: 40% Protestant, 28% Catholic, 24% animist, 8% Muslim ”

“ Luxembourg has a customs union with Belgium under which foreign trade is recorded jointly for the two countries; Luxembourg's principal exports are iron and steel products, principal imports are coal and consumer goods ”

“ Agriculture: cash crops—coffee, vanilla, cloves, sugar, tobacco, sisal, rice, raphia; food crops—rice, cassava, cereals, potatoes, corn, beans, bananas, coconuts, and peanuts; animal husbandry widespread ”

“ Major industries: machinery, metals, fuels, chemicals, textiles, food processing, timber processing
Shortages: iron ore, coking coal, metallurgical coke, cotton fibers, natural rubber
Crude steel: 3.2 million metric tons produced (1980) , 579 kg per capita
Electric power: 16,104,000 kW capacity (1981) ; 68.455 billion kWh produced (1981) , 3,048 kWh per capita
Exports: $11.2 billion (f.o.b., 1980) ; 26% machinery and equipment; 12% agricultural materials and foodstuffs; 16% manufactured consumer goods; 29% fuels, minerals, and metals ”

“ Yemeni Socialist Party (YSP) , the only legal party, is coalition of National Front, Ba'th, and Communist Parties
Communists: unknown number
Member of: Arab League, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto) , IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ISCON, ITU, NAM, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTO
ECONOMY GNP: $792 million (1978 est.) , $430 per capita
Agriculture (all outside Aden) : cotton is main cash crop; cereals, dates, kat (qat) , coffee, and livestock are raised and there is a growing fishing industry; large amount of food must be imported (particularly for Aden) ”

“ ECONOMY The Vatican City, seat of the Holy See, is supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's pence) from Roman Catholics throughout the world; some income derived from sale of Vatican postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to Vatican museums, and sale of publications; industrial activity consists solely of printing and production of a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; the banking and financial activities of the Vatican are worldwide ”

“ Supply: defense industry potential is large, with capability of producing the most sophisticated equipment; manufactured equipment includes small arms artillery, armored vehicles, and other types of ground forces materiel, aircraft (jet and prop) , naval vessels (submarines, guided missile and other destroyers, patrol craft, mine warfare ships, and other minor craft including amphibious, auxiliaries, service craft, and small support ships) , small amounts of all types of army materiel ”

“ ECONOMY Agriculture: practically none; some barley is grown in nondrought years; fruit and vegetables in the few oases; food imports are essential; camels, sheep, and goats are kept by the nomadic natives ”

“ ECONOMY GDP: $4.4 billion (1980, at current prices) , $1,375 per capita; 6% public consumption; 82% private consumption, 30% gross domestic investment, −18% net foreign balance (1980) ; real growth rate 1980, 11.4%
Agriculture: main crops—oilseeds, cotton, wheat, manioc, sweet potatoes, tobacco, corn, rice, sugarcane; self-sufficient in most foods ”

“ Elections: referendum held in December 1975 gave overwhelming approval to government and new constitution; elections for People's National Assembly held in June 1977; only one political grouping allowed to take part in the election, "The Front for the Defense of Malagasy Socialist Revolution," which presented a single list of candidates
Political parties and leaders: 6 parties are now allowed limited political activity under the national front and are represented on the Supreme Revolutionary Council; the 6 parties are: AREMA (President Ratsiraka's Advance Guard of the Malagasy Revolution) ”

“ Legal system: based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court; modern legal education at branches of Mohamed V University in Rabat and Casablanca and Karaouine University in Fes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: Independence Day, 18 November
Branches: constitution provides for Prime Minister and ministers named by and responsible to King; King has paramount executive powers; unicameral legislature two-thirds directly elected, one-third indirectly ”

“ Inland waterways: 1,045 km; of minor importance as transport arteries and contribute little to economy
Pipelines: 265 km crude oil; 1,293 km refined products; 1,000 km natural gas
Ports: 23 major, 150 minor
Civil air: 166 major transport aircraft, including 2 leased in and 3 leased out
Airfields (including Balearic and Canary Islands) : 120 total, 114 usable; 59 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways over 3,659 m, 22 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 32 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: generally adequate, modern facilities; 11.1 million telephones (29.4 per 100 popl.) ”

“ Agriculture: mixed farming predominates; main products—wheat, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, livestock, dairy products; 53.7% self-sufficient; dependent on imports for more than half of consumption of refined sugar, butter, oils and fats, and bacon and ham ”

“ Political parties and leaders: political party activity is organized along largely sectarian lines; numerous political groupings exist, consisting of individual political figures and followers motivated by religious, clan, and economic considerations; most parties have well-armed militias which are still involved in occasional clashes
Communists: the Lebanese Communist Party was legalized in 1970 ”

“ Political parties and leaders: principal national parties in the 1979 elections from right to left—the conservative Democratic Coalition (CD) , major rightist group, led by former ministers Manuel Fraga Iribame and José Maria de Areilza; the Union of the Democratic Center (UCD) , the center-right party of Prime Minister Calvo Sotelo; the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) , the major party of the democratic left, led by Secretary General Felipe González; and the Spanish Communist Party (PCE) , led by Santiago Carrillo, which espouses Eurocommunism ”

“ ECONOMY GNP: $16.8 billion (1980 est.) , $944 per capita; 66% private consumption, 10% public consumption, 14% gross investment; 10% net foreign balance (1979) ; real growth rate (1981) , 3%
Agriculture: main crops—wheat, potatoes, beans, rice, barley, coffee, cotton, sugarcane; imports—wheat, meat, lard and oils, rice, corn ”