Alfred Russel Wallace

“ J. Japan, zoological features of, 393 mammalia of, 394 birds of, 396 birds peculiar to, 398 birds in distant areas, 399 Japan and Formosa, 391 Java, fauna of, 382 Asiatic species in, 384 Java and Borneo, past changes of, 385 Jays, distribution of species of, 20 of Europe and Japan, 67 Jeffreys, Dr. Gwyn, on shallow-water mollusca in chalk, 92 on fossil shallow-water shells in deep water, 337 Jones, Mr., on migration of birds to Bermuda, 268 on vegetation of the Bermudas, 272 Juan Fernandez, flora and fauna of, 287 Judd, Prof. ”

“ L. Lagopus scoticus, 340 Land as a barrier to ocean-currents, 150 Land and sea, changes of, 83 how changes of, affect climate, 148, 150 Land and water, disproportion of, renders globe habitable, 209 Land-birds of Celebes, list of, 466 Land-connection, how far necessary to dispersal of mammals, 73 Land-shells, great antiquity of, 79 universal distribution of, 79 causes favouring the abundance of, 79 of the Azores, 256 of Bermuda, 270 of the Galapagos, 284 of St. ”

“ F. Families, restricted areas of, 29 distribution and antiquity of, 68 Fauna and flora, peculiarities of British, 370 Fauna of Borneo, affinities of, 381 of Java, 382 of Java and Asia compared, 384 Faunas of Hainan, Formosa, and Japan compared, 407 Felis, 17, 26 Ferns, abundance of, in Mascarene flora, 445 Ficus, fossil Arctic, 186 Fire-weed, the, of Tasmania, 513 Fisher, Rev. ”

“ Helena, 295 Godman, Mr., on birds reaching the Azores, 248, 250 Gray, Professor Asa, on extinction of European plants by the glacial epoch, 123 Great Britain and Japan, birds common to, 396 Greene, Dr. J. Reay, on chameleons in Bourbon and Mauritius, 435 Greenland, loss of sun-heat by clouds in, 147 an anomaly in the Northern Hemisphere, 154 Miocene flora of, 183 Cretaceous flora of, 186 flora of ice-surrounded rocks of, 522 Grinnell Land, fossil flora of, 184 Guernsey, peculiar caddis-fly in, 355 Gulick, Rev. ”

“ Helena, 304 snail peculiar to Ireland, 356 fishes of the Seychelles, 433 Frogs of the Seychelles, 432 of New Zealand, 483 Fuegia, European plants in, 521 Fulica alai, 313
G. Galapagos Islands, 275 Galapagos, absence of mammalia and amphibia from, 278 reptiles of, 278 birds of, 280 insects of, 284 land-shells of, 285 flora of, 287 and Azores contrasted, 290 Galbula cyaneicollis, distribution of, 18 rufoviridis, 18 viridis, 18 Galeopithecus, 63 Gallinula sandvichensis, 313 Gardner, Mr. ”

“ The former wide extension of all groups now discontinuous, as being a necessary result of "evolution"; (2) The permanence of the great features of the distribution of land and water on the earth's surface ”

“ Helena, 297 Environment, change of, as modifying organisms, 225 Eriocaulon septangulare, 363 Ethiopian Region, definition of, 42 birds of, 43 Ettingshausen, Baron von, on the fossil flora of New Zealand, 499 on Australian plants in England, 518 Eucalyptus, wide range of, in Australia, 185 Eucalyptus and Acacia, why not in New Zealand, 507 Eucalyptus in Eocene of Sheppey, 518 Eupetes, distribution of, 25 Europe, Asia, &c., as zoological terms, 32 European birds, range of, 16 in Bermuda, 269 European occupation, effects of, in St. ”

“ E. Early history of New Zealand, 484 Earth's age, 210 East Asian birds, range of, 38 East and West Australian floras, geological explanation of, 494 Echidna, 30 Echimyidæ, 27 Elevation of North America during glacial period, 154 causing diversion of gulf-stream, 154 Elwes, Mr. H. J., on distribution of Asiatic birds, 380 Emberiza schœniclus, discontinuity of, 66 E. passerina, range of, 66 E. pyrrhulina, 66 Endemic genera of plants in Mauritius, &c., 443 Endemic genera of plants in New Zealand, 526 English plants in St. ”

“ D. A., on slugs of Bermuda, 271 on British land and fresh-water shells, 356 Cold alone does not cause glaciation, 135 how it can be stored up, 133 Coleoptera of the Azores, 253 of St. Helena, 298 of the Sandwich Islands, 318 peculiar British species of, 351 Comoro Islands, 428 mammals and birds of, 428 Compositæ of the Galapagos, 288 of St. ”

“ Scott B., on birds of the Sandwich Islands, 314 Winged birds of New Zealand, 482 Wingless birds never inhabit continents, 437 their evidence against "Lemuria," 438 of New Zealand, 476 Wings of struthious birds show retrograde development, 437 Winter temperature of Europe and America, 196 Wolf, range of, 14 Wollaston, Mr. ”

“ C. Caddis-flies peculiar to Britain, 355 Cæcilia, species of, in the Seychelles, 432 wide distribution of, 432 Cæciliadæ, 28 Callithea Leprieuri, distribution of, 18 Callithea sapphira, 18 Camels as destroyers of vegetation, 296 former wide distribution of, 421 Camelus, 17, 27 Campanula vidalii, 261 Canis, 17, 26 Carabus, numerous species of, 42 Carboniferous boulder-beds, 201 warm Arctic climate, 201 Carnivora in Madagascar, 417 Carpenter, Dr., on habitat of globigerinæ, 92 Carpenter, Mr. ”