“ A work of joint authorship is one created by two or more persons and disclosed or published in the name of all or some of them, regardless of whether or not the individual contribution of each creator can be distinguished. ”

“ Where the intellectual creator or his successors, having transferred or assigned the economic rights in the work for a consideration, suffer a grave economic prejudice as a result of manifest disproportion between their income and the receipts earned by the beneficiary of the transfer or assignment, they may demand additional compensation from the beneficiary according to the results of the economic exploitation. ”

“ Throughout the period of economic exploitation, unless the owners of the copyright have adopted other means of defending their rights in the cinematographic work, the producer shall be deemed to be their representative for that purpose, and he shall report to them on the way in which he carries out his mandate. ”

“ The prerequisite for copyright protection is the outward manifestation of the work, independently of its disclosure, publication, use or economic exploitation.
(4) A work is original where it is the result of the author’s own creative effort and not merely the appropriation of another person’s creation. ”

“ The proprietor of a work built or executed according to a plan drawn up by another person shall be free, either during consruction or execution or after completion of the building, to make such changes to it as he sees fit, but he shall consult the author of the plan in advance, failing which he shall pay compensation for losses and damages. ”

“ Any person who discloses or publishes a work under a name or pseudonym that does not reveal the author’s identity, or anonymously, shall be deemed to be the author’s representative and shall be responsible for defending the rights in the said work against third parties. ”

“ Unless otherwise agreed, the economic rights in journalistic works created in fulfillment of an employment contract and published or disclosed without the identity of the intellectual creator being mentioned shall be deemed assigned to the owner of the copyright in the newspaper or periodical, as a collective work, in which the works appeared, and the intellectual creator may not publish them separately without the authorization of the said copyright owner. ”

“ Special authorization by the authors of cinematographic works shall be required for their communication to the public in other forms by wire or wireless means, including radio or television broadcasting, cable distribution or satellite transmission, as well as for their reproduction, exploitation or presentation in the form of a videogram.
(5) Broadcasting organizations shall have the right, without the author’s consent, to communicate all or part of cinematographic works produced by them through their own transmission channels. ”

“ Anyone who, knowing or having reason to know the intention of the holder of the right of publication or disclosure, even where it is a presumed intention, publishes or discloses an unpublished work against the latter’s wishes, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or with a fine not exceeding 240 days. ”

“ Where economic rights forming part of an unclaimed estate are declared to belong to the Territory, they shall be excluded from the liquidation, but they may be disposed of where the revenue from the sale of other assets is not sufficient to pay debts. ”

“ The right to additional compensation shall lapse when the work falls into the public domain, and in any event where it is not exercised within a period of three years from the date of awareness of the grave economic prejudice suffered. ”

“ Where the publisher produces fewer copies than agreed and refuses to complete the edition, the author has the right to contract a third party to produce the missing number of copies at the publisher’s expense, without prejudice to the his right to compensation for losses and damages. ”

“ Successive editions of a work, even if corrected, expanded, revised or given a new title or format, shall not constitute works distinct from the original work, nor shall reproductions of artistic works, even where their dimensions have been changed. ”

“ The original owner of the copyright in a collective work shall be the person who organizes and directs its creation and in whose name the work is disclosed or published.
(2) A collective work is a work created by two or more persons but organized on the initiative of a natural person or a legal entity in whose name it is disclosed or published.
(3) A database shall be presumed to be a collective work. ”

“ Lectures by professors may only be published with the consent of the author concerned, even if the lecture is presented in the form of a report on the direct responsibility of the person publishing it. ”

“ The author may put an end to economic exploitation where the technical quality of the fixation referred to in paragraph (1) jeopardizes the satisfactory communication of the work.
Article 126 Transformation The adaptation, arrangement or other transformation of any work for the purposes of fixation, broadcasting, performance or showing by mechanical, phonographic or videographic means shall also be subject to authorization by the author, who shall specify the purpose or purposes for which the transformation is intended. ”

“ A person prejudiced by the use of a name in a manner contrary to the provisions of the preceding paragraphs may seek the cessation of that use and adequate legal measures to avoid confusion in the mind of the public as to the true authorship. ”

“ Authorization to broadcast a work shall apply to all live or deferred broadcasts carried out by the transmitting stations of the authorized entity, without prejudice to due remuneration of the author for each transmission. ”

“ Collective management agencies shall have the right to bring court action to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties represented by it with respect to copyright and related rights, except where the said parties object thereto. ”

“ The various forms of use and economic exploitation of the work shall be mutually independent, and the adoption of one of them by the author or an authorized person shall not prejudice the adoption of the other forms also by the author or by authorized third parties.
(5) Reproduction means the making of copies of a fixation or of a qualitatively or quantitatively significant part thereof. ”

“ The author is entitled to additional remuneration if he agrees with the publisher on substantial amendments to the work, even where the price has been fixed as a lump sum for all editions.
(4) The publisher who is obliged to produce successive editions of a work shall produce them without interruption in such a way that copies are always available on the market.
Article 82 Future Works (1) The provisions of Article 35 shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to publishing contracts relating to future works. ”

“ The impresario shall not incur any liability or obligation where performers respond to insistent requests from an audience by performing other works in addition to those listed in the program.
Article 99 Remuneration (1) The author’s remuneration for granting the right to perform may consist of a lump sum, a percentage of the proceeds from performances or a certain sum for each performance, or it may be determined on another basis laid down in the contract ”

“ A good conduct bond obliges the party concerned to deposit for a period of six months to two years, which shall be specified in the sentence, an amount of 10,000 to 3,000,000 patacas at the discretion of the court.
(2) A good conduct bond shall be ordered as a matter of principle where the court hands down a suspended sentence.
(3) Where the offender is found guilty of committing any of the offenses provided for in this Decree-Law within the period set, the bond shall be forfeited to the Territory. ”

“ The Territory may take upon itself, and be responsible for instituting adequate measures to ensure, the protection of works that have not fallen into the public domain but whose authenticity or integrity are threatened, after the persons referred to in the foregoing paragraph have been notified and have failed to protect their works without just grounds. ”

“ Subject to the provisions of Article 83 or any provisions to the contrary, the publishing contract shall prevent the author from making or authorizing a new edition of the same work in the same language inside or outside the Territory until the previous edition is out of print or the period prescribed has expired, unless circumstances arise that prejudice interest in the edition and make revision or updating of the work necessary. ”

“ Copyright in Macao has hitherto been regulated essentially by Decree-Law No. 46980 of April 27, 1966, published in the Official Bulletin of January 8, 1972. Although the 1966 Code provides a generous basic framework of legal protection for authors, it is the result of a draft written to a large extent in the 1950s and is showing clear signs of its advancing years.
The speed of technological development and the introduction of new international standards in the field of copyright in recent decades have indeed given rise to legal loopholes, only some of which were filled in by Law No. ”