George Simonds Boulger

“ Sir Joseph Hooker in describing the Scitamineous 'Burbidgea nitida ' (Botanical Magazine 1879 t. 6403) names it 'in recognition of Burbidge's eminent services to horticulture, whether as a collector in Borneo, or as author of "Cultivated Plants, their Propagation and Improvement," a work which should be in every gardener's library.' In 1880 Burbidge was appointed curator of the botanical gardens of Trinity College, Dublin, at Glasnevin. There he did much to encourage gardening in Ireland (Gardeners' Chronicle, 1901, ii. 460) . ”

“ Settling down to voluntary botanical work for Sir Joseph Hooker's ‘Flora of British India,’ he was placed on special duty at Kew on the expiration of his leave in 1879, and described, between 1879 and 1883, more than fifty natural orders for the second, third, and fourth volumes of Hooker's work. Returning to India in 1883, Clarke was temporarily appointed director of public instruction in Bengal in 1884, and went in 1885 as inspector to Shillong in Assam, when he studied the flora of the Khasia, Naga, and Manipur hills. ”

“ A lover of nature rather than a student of natural science, he interested himself in the folklore of plants and sketched with skill plants and flowers. He was a voluminous writer on various themes, and his chief works were illustrated by coloured plates from his own drawings. ”

“ The practical knowledge with which he wrote of varied types of plant life impressed Charles Darwin (cf. Animals and Plants under Domestication, vol. ii.) . Clear and fluent as a speaker, he proved an acceptable lecturer. One of his best lectures, 'Improvements in Plants,' at Manchester in 1869, was included in his 'Contributions to Horticultural Literature, 1843-1892' (1892) .
Paul died of a paralytic seizure on 31 March 1905, and was buried in the family vault at Cheshunt cemetery. His wife, Amelia Jane Harding, predeceased him. His business was carried on by his son, Arthur William Paul. ”

“ In 1865 Clarke entered the uncovenanted civil service of Bengal. He joined the staff of the Presidency College at Calcutta, and was subsequently inspector of schools in eastern Bengal, with his headquarters at Dacca. He had already collected with care the plants of his native place; and he published at Calcutta in 1866, in a threepenny pamphlet, 'A List of the Flowering Plants ... of Andover' (cf. Journal of Botany, 1867, pp. 51-9) . Clarke continued to collect in India with Spartan zeal. ”

“ Thiselton-Dyer, assisted by Professor Vines, in 1875, at the Normal School of Science, South Kensington, where he showed exceptional promise as a manipulator and draughtsman, he entered Owens College, Manchester, in 1875, and distinguished himself in chemistry, physiology, and botany, under Professors Roscoe, Gamgee, and Williamson. In 1876 he obtained an open science scholarship at Christ's College, Cambridge. There Ward attended the lectures of Sir Michael Foster on physiology, of Francis Maitland Balfour on embryology, and of Professor Vines on botany. ”

“ After receiving a very rudimentary education at a school at Presteign, Phillips was apprenticed to his elder brother James, a tailor, in High Street, Shrewsbury, with whom and another brother, Edward, he went in due course into partnership. In 1859 he joined the Shrewsbury volunteers, and became a colour-sergeant and an excellent rifle-shot, winning the bronze medal of the National Rifle Association in 1860. After some early private study of astronomy and photography, he took up botany about 1861 at the suggestion of his friend William Allport Leighton [q. v.] ”

“ In 1892 Sharpe founded the British Ornithologists' Club, which organised research, especially with regard to migration; and in 1905 he presided over the International Ornithological Congress in London, giving a presidential address on the history of the British Museum collection. ”

“ Described by Professor Vines, in presidential address to the Linnean Society for 1902, as 'a laborious student and a conscientious teacher of botany,' Bennett was a contributor to the 'Journal of Botany,' 'The Popular Science Review,' the 'Reports' of the British Association, and other scientific periodicals. ”

“ In 1886 Murray acted as naturalist to the solar eclipse expedition to the West Indies; and again visited the same area on a dredging expedition in 1897; in 1898 he chartered a tug for a dredging expedition in the Atlantic, 300 miles west of Ireland, on which he was accompanied by a party of naturalists; and in 1901 he became director of the civilian scientific staff of the national Antarctic expedition in H.M.S. Discovery, under Captain R. F. Scott. He was, however, only able to accompany the expedition as far as Cape Town. ”

“ He spent many vacations on the continent of Europe, and was lamed for life in a carriage accident in Switzerland. In politics he was a strong radical. Owing to heart weakness, he resigned his chair in 1904, but continued to superintend the herbarium, living in his rooms in Trinity College and maintaining his interest in his varied studies. He died of bronchitis at Trinity College, Dublin, on 2 March 1910, and was buried at Mount Jerome, Dublin. ”

“ After working for a short time under Anton de Bary at Strasburg, he was, through the influence of Sir Henry Roscoe, appointed to a Berkeley research fellowship at Owens College. In 1883 he was made fellow of Christ's College and assistant lecturer to Professor Williamson at Manchester, where he remained three years. An unsuccessful candidate for the chair of botany at Glasgow in 1885, Ward became in the same year professor of botany in the Royal Indian Engineering College, Coopers Hill, and proceeded M.A. at Cambridge in 1883. ”

“ While at King's College he attended the lectures of Edward Forbes [q. v.] and those of Lindley at the Chelsea physic garden. On the acquisition of the Fielding herbarium by the university of Oxford, Masters was appointed sub-curator under Dr. Daubeny, the professor of botany, and his first paper, one on air-cells in aquatic plants, was communicated to the Ashmolean Society in 1853. ”

“ PAUL, WILLIAM (1822–1905) , horticulturist, born at Churchgate, Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, on 16 June 1822, was second son of Adam Paul, a nurseryman of Huguenot descent, who came to London from Aberdeenshire towards the close of the eighteenth century and purchased the Cheshunt nursery in 1806. After education at a private school at Waltham Cross, William joined his father's business. On Adam Paul's death in 1847 the business was carried on as A. Paul & Son by William and his elder brother George. ”

“ Masters was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1870, and a correspondent of the Institute of France in 1888; and was also a chevalier of the order of Leopold. He died at the Mount, Ealing, on 30 May 1907. His body was cremated at Woking. In 1858 he married Ellen, daughter of William Tress, by whom he had four children. His wife and two daughters survived him.
His services have been commemorated by the endowment of an annual series of Masters lectures in connection with the Royal Horticultural Society. ”

“ Brought to London as a child, and sent first to the Western grammar school, he studied art at South Kensington from his seventeenth year and became art-master of Marlborough College, in 1870 professor of geometrical drawing at King's College, London, in 1885 lecturer to the Architectural Association, and examiner to the Science and Art Department and the London Chamber of Commerce. ”

“ VEITCH, JAMES HERBERT (1868–1907) , horticulturist, born at Chelsea on 1 May 1868, was elder son (by his wife Jane Hodge) of John Gould Veitch, the senior member of a family distinguished as nurserymen for a century. James Herbert's great-great-grandfather, John Veitch (1752–1839) , came from Jedburgh to be land-steward to Sir Thomas Acland, and held nursery-ground at Killerton, near Exeter, in 1808. ”

“ Griffith & Farran in 1867; and from that date onwards he produced novel after novel, in magazine, newspaper, and volume form, with an industrious rapidity which few writers excelled. His separate books numbered more than 170. After 1881 his more successful works were books for boys, in which he often effectively embodied studies of natural history and geography. The boys' books met with some success in America, where several were reprinted under the general title of 'The Fenn Books.' Meanwhile in 1870 he succeeded Hugh Reginald Haweis [q. v. Suppl. II] as editor of 'Cassell's Magazine' ”

“ In 1889 Dublin University conferred on him the honorary degree of M.A., and in 1894 he became keeper of the college park as well as curator of the botanical gardens. While at Dublin he published The Chrysanthemum : its History, Culture, Classification and Nomenclature' (1883) and 'The Book of the Scented Garden' (1905) . ”

“ He delivered courses of lectures on botany at the London and Royal Institutions, and was an unsuccessful candidate in 1854 for the botanical chair which Edward Forbes vacated at King's College on his appointment to Edinburgh ”

“ From 1897 he edited the 'Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society.' He died suddenly from heart disease, on his way home from the Savile Club, on 23 Jan. 1902, and was buried in the Friends' burial-ground at Isleworth. ”

“ From 1891 to 1893 he made a tour round the world, going by way of Rome and Naples to Ceylon, thence overland from Cape Tuticorin to Lahore, thence to Calcutta, the Straits Settlements, Buitenzorg, Japan, Corea, Australia and New Zealand. ”

“ In 1868 Bennett gave up business, was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society, and became lecturer on botany at Bedford College and at St. Thomas's Hospital. From 1870 to 1874 he was biological assistant to Dr. ”

“ He married in 1872 Emily, second daughter of Colonel Ponsonby Shaw; she died without issue in 1886.
[The Irish Naturalist, xix. (1910) , 61–63 (with portrait) ; Royal Irish Academy, Abstracts of Minutes, 1909–10, 16 March; Mrs. Janet Ross's The Fourth Generation, 1912.] ”

“ Meanwhile he was from boyhood devoted to the study of birds, carefully observing them, and enjoying a day's shooting. When about sixteen, he began the 'Monograph of Kingfishers,' which was issued in quarterly parts (1868-71) . Prof. ”

“ Stephen (F. W. Maitland, Life and Letters of Leslie Stephen, p. 73) , and of John (afterwards Sir John) Rigby [q. v. Suppl. II] . All held what were then considered advanced political and social views. ”

“ Garden, lvii. (1900) , 166; lxiii. (1903) , preface with portrait; and lxvii. (1905) , 213; Journal of Horticulture, l. (1905) , 305 (with portrait) ; Gardeners' Chron. 1905, i. 216, 231; Proc. Linnean Soc. ”