“ The safety and local protection of each individual in the squad; care should be taken that as far as possible each man has a solid corner of the trench close to him, which he can use as a protection against the bursting effect of enemy grenades, by quickly advancing or retiring around the corner.
The bayonet men are in advance of the thrower, close enough to protect him, and not too far in front as to be in danger of being bombed by him.
The thrower—the actual means of attack—is protected in front by the traverse and in the rear by the corner of the parados. ”

“ Trench storming parties should kill or drive back the hostile occupants of a trench as quickly as possible, clear as much of the enemy trench as has been ordered, and then hold the portion cleared with as small loss as possible to themselves. It must be remembered that in trench clearing, and especially in deep and narrow trenches, only the head of the attacking party can directly kill, and seldom more than one man can throw at a time. Therefore it is essential that a constant supply of grenades reaches the thrower and that the places of casualties are automatically filled by reinforcements. ”

“ You cannot get at them with a rifle, but it might be comparatively easy for one or two men to get along to the house by back ways, using the other houses for shelter and throw a grenade through the window, killing everyone in the room. ”

“ In order to make them instantly pass from a solid or liquid form to gas, they require a detonator or exploder, which applies a violent shock to them and breaks down the chemical structure of the explosive compound, and enables the flame to pass instantaneously throughout the mass of the compound. This explosive is known as detonation.
The composition of H.E. almost without exception is some organic substance, usually some form of carbon combined with nitrogen. Nitrogen, one of the most inert gases known, owes its explosive value to this very inertness ”

“ Every man must be trained to take up the duties of any other man in his squad. They do not necessarily keep to their own [Pg 37] squads; the squads in rear of the attacking squad may be looked on as a reserve squad for the one in front. Thus, Casualty first squad. The thrower No. 3 is reinforced by the first thrower of the second squad, and so on.
Side Trenches. When a side trench is met with, the leading squad will go up and clear it. The second half will remain at the junction until first returns, then the second squad will continue advance in original direction of the attack. ”

“ He will inspect each man before an attack and see that he has his complete equipment and that he knows the general idea and direction of the attack and the final objective of his squad. He will be responsible for the maintenance of supplies of grenades through his squad to the thrower, and will supervise the automatic filling up of casualties in his squad by men from the squads in the rear. ”

“ No. 2 is method adopted in night attack and when weather conditions or topographical features of ground covered in the advance allow it.
Attacking squads are allotted positions in lines of infantry immediately opposite their first objectives, and on reaching these positions should immediately commence bombing and clearing the trenches towards their final objectives. In the case of No. 1 the infantry clears [Pg 35] the main trench, but special grenade parties may be told off to assist the infantry in this work, especially when strong points occur in the enemy position. ”

“ It is imperative that the attack must not be allowed to be held up, and should it be found impossible to advance down the trench itself, owing to enfilade fire, the attack must be immediately launched outside the trench, so as to attack the traverse from the rear, in the case of a daylight attack. ”

“ Men must be trained until they can do this either by day or at night time.
Advance. Movement is rapid until contact with the enemy is obtained. Once contact is established it must be maintained and pressed home. ”

“ Care must be taken, especially by the bayonet men in their advance through the trench, that enemy concealed trenches, dug-outs, etc., are not left undiscovered. The sides of trenches and the walls and floors of dug-outs should be carefully examined for concealed entrances or exits. ”

“ Remove detonator. Note. If safety pins and safety tubes are not in place, the above must be done without disturbing the grenade.
2. How to Make Alive:
1. This grenade is packed alive.
3. How to Use the Grenade:
1. Holding grenade in right hand, safety pin upwards, pull out safety pin with left hand. 2. Pull off the cap of the safety tube. 3. Holding the grenade with the first or middle finger on top of the safety tube and the ball of the thumb over the cap marked B. 4. Throw the grenade with its edge vertical. Note. A low or horizontal throw may cause a failure. ”

“ He will act as a sniper by day and a connecting file by night, between his own squad and the squad of troops in rear.
Note. Every man in the grenade squad should be trained to fill the position of any other in the squad. ”

“ Guncotton, or nitro-cellulose consists of cotton waste, purified, dried, and heated with mixture of concentrated nitric and sulphuric acid. Washed and reduced to a pulp and moulded into 1 oz. primers and 15 oz. slabs for service use. Is considered inferior to lyddite.
Size of wet slab of G.C., 6 × 3 × 13⁄8 in. Wet guncotton will not explode if hit by a bullet. Wet guncotton can be sawn by a wet saw. Requires dry primer, detonator and fuse to explode. Dry guncotton will explode if hit by a bullet. Dry primer of guncotton 1.35 in. ”

“ GRENADE HAND NO. 12 Hairbrush or Box Pattern Grenade
Type. Time, or land mine.
Weight. Three lb. complete.
Explosive. Ammonal or guncotton.
Safety Device. Safety pin.
Body. Tin box 3×5×2 in. A grooved cast-iron plate, 1⁄4 in., forms the front side.
Igniter. Special brass tube consisting of spring and striker held in place by safety pin. Cap and fuse and detonator or Nobel lighter, fuse and detonator. ”

“ A very safe explosive—will not detonate when struck by rifle bullet, but is very hygroscopic (collects moisture) and when in this condition is liable not to detonate.
Ballistite. Consists of guncotton plus camphor or vaseline. Invented by Nobel in 1888.
Cordite. Consists of nitro-glycerine 55 parts, plus guncotton 37 parts, plus vaseline 5 parts, plus acetone to harden, invented by Sir W. Abel.
Benzol. Or Benzine, used extensively as a motor fuel contains a fair percentage of toluene. ”

“ Safety Device:
1. Safety pin. 2. Striker lever.
Body. Serrated oval cast-iron.
Striker. Steel rim firing. [Pg 9]
Igniter. Special, consisting of a separate unit. Special N.g. cap holder, N.G. rim firing percussion cap, 13⁄4 in. safety fuse and detonator.
To prepare for use:
1. Unscrew base plug. 2. Examine detonator and striker well for faults. 3. Insert special igniter. 4. Screw on base plug tightly by means of special key.
Grenade Hand No. 5, Mark I (or Mills Grenade) . ”

“ Holding grenade head downwards, unscrew black ebonite block, if needle pellet found secure. 2. Screw in detonator.
To fire:
1. Oil rod and barrel of rifle. 2. Insert rod into barrel of rifle and work it up and down to ensure lubrication and to expel air. 3. Place special cartridge in chamber rifle and close bolt. 4. Pull out safety pin. 5. Pull down releasing collar. 6. Give wind vane 11⁄2 turns to left. 7. Fire the rifle. ”