Summary

Intellectual Reserve v. Utah Lighthouse Ministry (2000)

“ Defendants make two arguments in support of their position that the activities of those who browse the three websites do not make them liable under a theory of contributory infringement. First, defendants contend that those who browse the infringing websites are not themselves infringing plaintiff's copyright; and second, even if those who browse the websites are infringers, defendants have not materially contributed to the infringing conduct. ”
Source: Wikisource

Intellectual Reserve v. Utah Lighthouse Ministry (2000)

“ When a person browses a website, and by so doing displays the Handbook, a copy of the Handbook is made in the computer's random access memory (RAM) , to permit viewing of the material. And in making a copy, even a temporary one, the person who browsed infringes the copyright. [5] See MAI Systems Corp. v. Peak Computer, Inc., 991 F.2d 511, 518 (9th Cir.1993) (holding that when material is transferred to a computer's RAM, copying has occurred; in the absence of ownership of the copyright or express permission by licence, such an act constitutes copyright infringement) ”
Source: Wikisource

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