Max von Laue

Name: On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment
Author: Max von Laue

On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

Summary

“On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment”, is a work by Max von Laue. It explores elements such as velocity, Budde and wave.

Quotes from On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment (Max von Laue)

Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ That this one is sometimes identified in the literature with the known motion of the sun against the fixed stars, is an assumption which only finds weak support by the fact, that there is presently no reason to ascribe to the complete system of fixed stars a motion relative to the aether. Nevertheless, in the sense of the absolute theory, we can say something about the amount of the velocity in question: it cannot be essentially greater than the velocity of Earth against the Sun. ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ Thus expression (7) becomes equal to
when
denotes the relative oscillation number (relative to a co-moving point) . The comparison of (6) and (10) shows, that the phases traverse the moving distance with relative velocity defined by (2) . It is after all quite illustrative, that the displacement of a "wave crest" (sit venia verbo) happens with respect to the moving distance with this relative velocity.
Now, the ray shall be reflected in by a mirror, so that it now traverses in its relative optical path the distance in the opposite direction. ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ Contrary to both remarks previously discussed, we have to admit the validity of the third remark of Budde. The velocity of Earth against the aether indeed has an unknown component: the velocity by which Earth is moving against the aether. ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ They can only be satisfied, when the periodic functions (10) and (13) representing both waves at point , are mutually connected by [3]
would be the phase transition at the reflection; if one neglects this, as it is done by Budde – this assumption is without influence on the result –, one additionally finds from (14)
Thus according to (12) , the returning oscillation is represented in the origin by
i.e., the phases require the time to traverse distance back and forth. Herein lies in my view the irrefutable justification of the present theory. ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ If we now want to compare with each other the statements of the absolute theory and of relativity theory concerning the influence of the plate thickness under consideration of terms of second order in , then this would be a quite difficult task, because the absolute theory is only developed under consideration of terms of first oder. [11] However, the fortunate remark of Budde helps us here, by which the ratio of the plate thickness to the length of the arms of the interferometer, is of the same magnitude as . ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ Before this, we have to allude to a point in Budde's calculation, from which the result is essentially depending, and which seems problematic to us. Already when Budde begins: [10] "Then the relative velocity in glass, at which the first beam arrives in , is . The relative velocity in glass is thus ", then this is surely an unjustified generalization of the theorem being valid for resting bodies, that the speed of light within bodies is related to that in vacuum inversely as the refraction index ( namely is presupposed as the value for the refraction index in glass) . ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ Since is conserved at every reflection, varies proportional to .
Instead of these three valid procedures, Budde employs a fourth one; he divides any absolute optical path by the corresponding wave length
The sum of two of such ratios shall represent the phase difference between the waves traveling for- and backwards for one of the points of the separating plate. and vary from distance to distance in accordance with Doppler's principle. ”

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Max von Laue, On the Theory of the Michelson Experiment

“ Leiden 1895. (Reprint: Leipzig 1906.) ↑ Only at magnetizable bodies a difference exists, which possibly stems, however, from a incompleteness of the formulation of the absolute theory, see. H. Minkowski, Gött. Nachr. ”

Max von Laue

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