National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Name: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods — Formaldehyde by GC (2541)
Author: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

Summary

“NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods — Formaldehyde by GC (2541)”, published in 1994, is a work by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It explores elements such as formaldehyde, sampling and sorbent.

Quotes from NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Calculate concentration, C (mg/m 3) , of formaldehyde in the air volume sampled, V (L) :
NOTE: Because the working standards are prepared on media blanks, no additional blank correction is necessary. Report field blanks as samples.
EVALUATION OF METHOD: This method is similar to OSHA Method 52 [2] ; however, the OSHA samplers contained 20% more coated sorbent than the samplers used in this method. In a study by OSHA, 5% breakthrough occurred after 396 min at a flow rate of 0.1 L/min and a test atmosphere concentration of 5.3 mg/m 3. ”

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Formaldehyde is viewed as a potential occupational carcinogen SAMPLING: [4,5] . 1.
2. 3.
4.
Calibrate each personal sampling pump with a representative sampler in line. Break ends of the sampler immediately before sampling. Attach sampler to personal sampling pump with flexible tubing. Sample at an accurately known flow rate between 0.01 and 0.10 L/min for a total sample size of 1 to 36 L. NOTE: Formaldehyde reacts with 2- (hydroxymethyl) piperidine on the sorbent bed during sampling. Sampling rate is limited by the speed of this reaction. ”

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ To determine the amount of background for each batch, desorb several 120-mg portions of the coated sorbent with toluene and analyze (steps 12 and 13) . No blank peak is expected for any aldehydes other than formaldehyde and possibly acetaldehyde.
APPENDIX C: SYNTHESIS OF FORMALDEHYDE OXAZOLIDINE Place a solution of purified 2- (hydroxymethyl) piperidine (0.57 g, 5 mmol) in 10 mL of toluene in a 50-mL round-bottomed flask. Use several 2-mL portions of toluene to rinse residual 2- (hydroxymethyl) piperidine from the container used for weighing. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Acid mists may inactivate the sorbent leading to inefficient collection of formaldehyde. A 15 m x 0.32-mm ID DB-1301 fused silica capillary column can also be used. This column will also separate the acetaldehyde and acrolein oxazolidines. A nitrogen-specific detector (NPD) can be used for improved sensitivity.
OTHER METHODS: OSHA Method 52 is similar but uses slightly larger sampling tubes [2] . This method has improved sample stability and ease of personal sampling compared to NIOSH Methods 2502 (which has been withdrawn) , 3500 and 3501. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Sampler: glass tube, 10 cm long, 6-mm OD, 4-mm ID, with flame-sealed ends and plastic caps, containing two sections of 2- (hydroxymethyl) piperidine-coated XAD2 (see APPENDIX B) (front = 120 mg; back = 60 mg) retained and separated by small plugs of silanized glass wool. Pressure drop across the tube at 0.10 L/min airflow must be less than 760 kPa (5.7 mm Hg) . Tubes are commercially available (Supelco ORBO-23; SKC 226118; or equivalent) . 2. Personal sampling pump, 0.01 to 0.10 L/min, with flexible connecting tubing. 3. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ However, Method 3500 (chromotropic acid) is the most sensitive.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM) , Fourth Edition, 8/15/94 FORMALDEHYDE: METHOD 2541, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 2 of 5 EQUIPMENT:
REAGENTS: 1. Toluene, chromatographic quality. 2. 2- (Hydroxymethyl) piperidine (2-HMP) . Recrystallize several times from isooctane until there is one major peak (>95% of area) by GC analysis. Store in desiccator. 3. Formalin solution, 37%*. 4. Formaldehyde* stock solution, 1 mg/mL (see Appendix A) . 5. Sulfuric acid, 0.02 N. 6. Sodium hydroxide, 0.01 N. 7. ”

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Source: Wikisource

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (1994)

“ Flasks, volumetric, 10-, 25-, and 50-mL. 7. Pipets, volumetric, 1-, 2-, and 10-mL with pipet bulb. 8. Syringes, 10-mL (readable to 0.1 mL) , 25-, and 50-mL. 9. File. 10. Beakers, 50-mL. 11. pH meter. 12. Magnetic stirrer. 13. ”

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

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Quotes from NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods… (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)

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