National Institutes of Health Reform Act of 2006
“ High-Risk, High-Reward Research.— (1) In general.— From amounts to be appropriated under section 402A (b) of the Public Health Service Act, the Secretary, acting through the Director of NIH, may allocate funds for the national research institutes and national centers to make awards of grants or contracts or to engage in other transactions for demonstration projects for high-impact, cutting-edge research that fosters scientific creativity and increases fundamental biological understanding leading to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and disorders. ”
