Samuel Blatchford

“ To rotate the crank-shaft, there is a cross-shaft in the rear of the machine, on the end of which is an upright lever, which extends upwards to form a handle, and has pivoted to it below a bar, which extends forward, and the forward end of which is formed into a rack, which works into a pinion on the end of the crank-shaft. By moving the lever, the rack and pinion are worked, and the crank-shaft is rotated, and the shoes are shifted. The extent of the rotating movement of the crank-shaft is about half a circle, back and forth. ”

“ A crank or cross-arms may be placed on the turning-shaft, and, by means of a connecting rod or rods, the shaft may be turned by the operator, and the shoes thus thrown into a straight or zigzag line, as may be desired; or, instead of the crank-shaft, the shoes may be united in sets to different bars, which may be straight, both bars being united to cross-bars, or heads at their ends. ”

“ As to claims 4, 5, and 6 of the reissue, the shifting mechanism of the patent, with its rotating crank-shaft, must, in view of the Powers invention, be considered as an element in each claim; and that mechanism is not used by the defendants. ”