“ When communications with the control center can be established, escape from the silo equipment area is normally accomplished by use of the silo elevator to level 2 and then up the cableway and through blast door 9 into the blast lock area. If communications with the control center cannot be established, or if the silo equipment elevator is unusable, then the escape ladder is used. The elevator will not be used when there is a probability of a power loss, e.g. fire in diesel, switch gear, or MCC-l. ”

“ PERMISSIVE CONTROL. Permissive control is used to prevent damage to the diesel generator when power is switched from commercial to standby power. This is accomplished by three permissive control relays located in the control center, blast lock area, and missile silo. When the GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER on the 480-volt switch gear is closed, contacts close, routing 120 vac from the standby power metering transformer to the permissive relays. The permissive relays have contacts in the control circuits of the equipment to be disabled, and remove control power when energized. ”

“ The first signal is the control-system-gain-change-discrete signal which alters the gain of the engine actuator control circuitry. This gain change is necessary because the center of gravity changes as the propellant are consumed and because aerodynamic resistance decreases as altitude is gained. The second signal is a shutdown-and-staging-enable-discrete signal that energizes a shutdown and staging enable relay. When the relay is energized, it applies 28 vdc to the coil of the staging control relay. The staging control is not energized until a circuit ground is provided. ”

“ STANDBY POWER. If commercial power fails, standby power supply equipment provides power to the launch complex. This equipment consists of a diesel engine, a generator, a transformer, switches, cables and heating, cooling, and venting facilities for power generating equipment. The diesel generator consists of a six-cylinder diesel engine and one synchronous ac generator rated at 350 kw, with a dc exciter mounted on the stator housing. Both the generator and exciter are driven by the diesel engine. The generator rotor shaft is directly coupled to the engine fly wheel. ”

“ Oxidizer flow is directly through the injector into the combustion chamber. The propellants ignite hypergolically and the flow of expanding gases from the nozzle produces thrust. Rocket engine sustained operation is dependent upon bootstrap operation involving the turbo- pump assembly and the gas generator. Simultaneously with the flow of propellants to the thrust chamber, a small amount of fuel and oxidizer is drawn off below the thrust chamber valves into gas generator fuel and oxidizer lines. ”

“ An embullient cooling system is one in which the coolant is circulated through the system by a temperature differential. Engine oil cooling is accomplished by a water cooled lubricating oil cooler which maintains the oil temperature below +190 degrees F during engine operation. Heat from the lubricating oil is absorbed by cooling water metered into the cooler by the lubricating oil cooler temperature control valve. The fuel supply for the engine is contained in underground storage tanks connected to a 55-gallon engine fuel tank. ”

“ The control center contains living quarters, communications equipment, battery power supplies, equipment for checkout and monitoring of the weapon system, and equipment for initiating launch sequence. These facilities allow the missile combat crew to maintain an alert condition with a minimum of down time. By the use of monitoring equipment contained in the control center, malfunctions which could affect launch capability can be recognized and isolated. Radio, telephone, and loudspeaker systems provide inter- and intra-site communications. ”

“ Propellant pump rooms, located on silo level 8, contain fixed equipment used for transfer of propellants. Fuel or oxidizer unloading pumps and safety relief valves are installed in pump rooms to transfer propellants from missile tanks to holding trailers during normal transfer operations. Pump room indicators give direct indications of nitrogen pressure in missile tanks during transfer of propellants. Valves contained in pump rooms are used for isolation, draining, bypassing, bleeding, and venting various parts of the system. ”

“ Hardened facilities include the missile silo, control center, blast lock, interconnecting cable-ways, emergency escape hatch, and hardened communications equipment. Above ground, non-hardened facilities include vehicle parking areas, security fencing and lighting, propellant and electrical connections, static grounding system, commercial power lines, a transformer, cooling tower pits, access portal, non-hardened antennas, soft water storage, area security surveillance system, and weather instruments. ”

“ During launch sequence, the door is automatically controlled by the CMG and door limit switches. Upon demand, the door locks rotate and lower, the door raises, and the drive unit is energized. The force of the drive unit opens the closure door within 17 to 21 seconds, including unlocking and raising time. Debris on tracks may extend opening time. If silo closure door opening buffers or bumpers have been destroyed by a blast, an emergency means of stopping the door is required to prevent damage to the drive cables and hydraulic system by over-travel of the door. ”

“ The hydraulic power unit HS-2 (figure 1-17) , located on silo level 6, consists of an electric motor driven pump, a reservoir, strainer, filter, valves, switches, and indicators. An accumulator is provided to store the hydraulic power. 1-60. Hydraulic power is produced by pumping fluid from the reservoir, with the electric motor driven pump, to the accumulator until pressure reaches 3500 50 psig. The accumulator is pressurized with nitrogen gas supplied by the nitrogen receiver, and retains hydraulic power until needed for operation of the retractable platforms and silo blast valve systems. ”

“ Propellant transport trailer storage facilities are designed to store oxidizer fuel transport trailers when not in use. Each facility has an external equipment building which contains vapor sampling system equipment. Both fuel and oxidizer facilities are equipped with toxic analyzers and automatically controlled vent fans. Additionally, the fuel facility contains an explosive analyzer which initiates automatic corrective action (water spray) when a high explosive level (20,000 PPM) is detected. Each TITAN unit has one fuel and one oxidizer storage facility. ”

“ Gas pressure generators are used to open Stage I and Stage II propellant storage valves, release staging nuts and terminate vernier rocket thrust. Two solid propellant vernier rocket motors are mounted inside the Stage II engine compartment. The pitch rockets are two solid propellant rockets mounted in the between-tanks area of Stage II, equidistant from one another. Pitch rocket nozzles are protected by external fairings which are ejected by the rocket blast at ignition. Initiators are used to start the vernier rocket motors and activate engine gas pressure generators. ”

“ DIAL LINES. Dial lines facilitate communication between the launch complex and base offices, with extensions to the nation-wide telephone system through the central facilities switching operator. The dial lines are primarily used for administrative communications. Station locations are the LCCFC, ALOC, and pad chief's desk. The telephone instruments are standard commercial instruments, wall and console mounted, and equipped with both dials and ringers. The lines entering the complex are routed through the wire protection and distribution cabinet to provide connection and overload protection. ”

“ The MCCC must assure himself that his crew members and maintenance personnel are capable of performing assigned tasks and that they know the proper safety procedure to follow. Supervision includes maintaining positive control of the movements of all personnel in the silo, demanding that proper communications procedures are followed at all times, using the BMAT and MFT to periodically monitor maintenance activities in progress, and stopping any activity when positive control cannot be maintained or safety is compromised. ”

“ VAPOR DETECTOR ANNUNCIATOR PANEL, A vapor detector annunciator panel (figure 1-61A) , indicates concentration of propellant vapors throughout launch duct area, tuel and oxidizer pump rooms, and silo equipment area level 6. Toxic vapors are indicated by a meter indication on VDAP and applicable hazard checklist must be entered. The selector switch on VDAP is normally set to sample EF-102 exhaust (silo level 5) . If a meter reading is detected (below alarm level) , the selector switch will be manually cycled through all selector positions (a minimum of 15 seconds each) to check for meter drift. ”

“ Transceivers are light weight units capable of operation with or without headsets. Each transceiver has a removeable, rechargable battery, capable of seven hours of operation based upon 10% transmitter operation, 10% receive and 80% standby operation. External, heliflex antennas are located at the top of each transceiver. There are two types of portable transceivers. The aluminum faced Type 1 transceivers are stored in the control center and will react to the Radio Net Override signal generated by either the LCCFC, ALOC or an operational PTS control trailer. ”

“ Immediately after propellant loading of the missile, the Stage II oxidizer tank is pressurized with nitrogen and sealed. No additional inflight pressurization is required. The Stage I autogenous pressurization system consists of a fuel tank pressurization system and an oxidizer tank pressurization system. After loading, the Stage I fuel and oxidizer tanks and the Stage II fuel tank are pressurized and sealed. The fuel tank pressurization system consists of a gas cooler, hot gas bypass orifice, flow control orifice, sonic nozzle, burst diaphragm, and connecting tubing. ”

“ When the indicator is not lighted, the thrust mount is not locked and is capable of withstanding the effects of nuclear blast. During the launch sequence, the thrust mount is locked automatically by the lock-thrust-mount signal from CMG-l. When the thrust mount is locked, a thrust-mount-locked signal is received by CMG-1 and the THRUST MOUNT LOCKED indicator is lighted. Automatic capability for unlocking the thrust mount is not provided. THRUST MOUNT SOFT and THRUST MOUNT LOCKED indicators also light when locking is simulated by CMG-4. ”

“ A height sensing circuit determines antenna mast height for a selected transmitting frequency (this height varies from 7.4 feet at 30 MHz to 117 feet at 2 MHz. When the desired height is reached, the antenna drive motors are stopped and locked. The antenna is positioned to operate with a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 2 to 1 or less at the transmitting frequency selected. Refer to Section III for Operating procedures. An electrical interference filter group cabinet OA-8501/F or OA-8512/F is located in the antenna silo to protect electrical equipment from over voltage surges. ”

“ MOBILE PROPELLANT TRANSFER SYSTEM EQUIPMENT. Mobile PTS equipment Is used at the launch complex for missile propellant loading and unloading. The equipment includes transport trailers, holding trailers, a conditioning trailer, a control trailer, a tube trailer, portable oxidizer vapor burner set, portable shower and eyewash fountains, fuel and oxidizer unloading pump kit, safety relief valve kit,portable fuel and oxidizer filters, fuel and oxidizer missile tank pressurization kit, the propellant vapor scrubber system (PVSS) and the portable foam vapor suppression system (PFVSS) . ”

“ COMMUNICATIONS DISCIPLINE Clear and precise language and slightly slower, well-modulated speech shall Be used in all inter-phone and radio communications. Proper communications identifiers, commands, reports and action responses shall be used during all launch complex operations. Communications will be limited to those pertinent to launch complex operations and maintenance on all circuits except the dial phones. The proper procedure for testing the operation of headsets is to announce: "testing 1, 2, 3, testing out." ”

“ WIRE-TYPE MAINTENANCE NETWORK. This network is used for maintenance operations throughout the launch complex. Communications are on a partyline basis with all headsets connected into the network. The headsets are equipped with two dynamic earphones in padded, noise-attenuating earphone cups. The receiver is a dynamic, noise-cancelling type with the input fed to a transistor amplifier mounted within a case clipped to the belt. A volume control is located on the amplifier case for adjusting the receiver level. ”

“ During a controlled flight, electrical power is supplied by the APS battery and the VHPS battery which are located in the guidance bay of Stage II. The APS battery is activated by the LCS during launch countdown and supplies 28 vdc power to missile equipment during launch and flight. The VHPS battery is also activated by the LCS during launch countdown and supplies 28 vdc power to Stage II hydraulic pump motor, relays, and motor- driven switches. ”

“ The equipment provides security surveillance of personnel entering and leaving the launch complex. The camera and lens controls are preset during installation and are automatically controlled, and therefore do not require normal operating procedures. The composite video output signal is connected via closed-circuit coaxial cable to the monitor for display and observation by personnel within the control center. Missile combat crew personnel should attempt only minor picture adjustment and fuse replacement for CCTV camera and monitor. ”

“ If it is impossible to egress through door 9, or if passage to level 2 is blocked, then it may be necessary to enter the launch duct to await rescue or to obtain air. Entry into the launch duct will be directed by the MCCC if communications are available. When communications are lost personnel are authorized entry when necessary to save lives. The launch duct can be entered from equipment levels 2, 3, 5, and 8. Level 8 is recommended due to need to lower platforms at other levels. ”