Tolkappiyar

“ Bouncing rhythm [thull’al] is the poem of [kali] . (79) Hanging rhythm [thuungal] is the poem of [vanji] . (80) Blending of first two rhythms is the poem of [marutpaa] . (81) Poetic consortium does not flow beyond these four forms. (82) That is all of rhythmic consortium. (83) Kinds of rhyming linkage [thodai] Rhyming linkage is of four kinds; [movai] , [ethugai] , [iyaibu] and [mur’an’] . (84) Adding elongation rhyme of linkage it becomes five-fold. (85) Linkage among two arranged-groups of words (one kind) and repeating same words (another) kind become under the four kinds. ”

“ Linkage of words with elongation-phoneme is called [al’abedai] . (93) Second letter linkage in alternative lines (feet) is called [pozippu] . (94) Linkage in third step is called [oruu-u] . (95) Linkage of other kind (blank verse) is called [senthodai] according to learned. (96) Multiplying these linkages becomes into 13,699. (97) Intensive learned can calculate into more. (98) Linkage is as above. (99) View of poetic consortium Considering the views of all the limbs of prosody from time-unit of phoneme to line of foot is called [n”ookku] . (100) The poems are four kinds; vis. ”

“ Foot having single poetic-step [sol-siir] and short phonemic rhythm [mudukiyal] also appear in it. (118) Step [sol-siir or sor’chiir] will comprise of counting message, fractional versatile foot, blank words and blank morphemes. (119) Satire poem [angatham] is available in two kinds having open and concealed meaningful form of speech. (120) Poem consist of open meaningful words is called [vasai] . (121) Poem consist of concealed meaningful words is called [pazi-karappu] . (122) Poetic consortium is of these two kinds. ”

“ Elongation of vowel-phoneme is also taken as muted syllable. (16) Elongation of consonant-phoneme is also taken as muted syllable. (17) If the step [iyar’chiir] is followed by syllable [n”ee’r] , it is called [uricchiir-ve’nbaa] . (18) The other step sans [iyar’cchiir] is called [vanjicchiir] . (19) The above kind of step flows in its rhythmic form only. (20) Other steps mingle in [vanji] rhythm. (21) Steps [venbaa-uricchiir] and [aasiriyauricchiir] do not mingle. (22) In the rhythmic form of [kali] they mingle. ”

“ Poem [pur’an”ilai] , [vaayur’ai] and [seviyar’ivur’uu-u] flows as [ven’baa] -like or [aasiriam] -like (154) The line limit for the poem [paripaatu] falls between 25 and 400. (155) That is the entire measurement limit. (156) Writing works There are seven kinds if writing works and six among them have no limitation in line-foot measurement. (157) They are verse, prose, riddles, proverbs, hymns and drama. (158) The verse (that explains a language or human contact) will expand without contradiction consolidating, deviating and précising – all can be exploded. ”

“ These are the rhythmic linkage found in literatures. (226) Eight themes of poetic flow [vanappu] Among the eight aspects of poetic flow, elegant flow [ammai] runs in less number of words and lines with elegance, constrictive mellifluent style. (227) Beautiful flow [azagu] runs with constructive true-metrical lines. (228) Antique flow [thonmai] runs with prose between verse. (229) Expansive flow [thoo’l] runs with expanded mellifluous diction. (230) Modern flow [virunthu] runs with new diction. (231) Mild-finishing flow [iyaipu] runs with mild-phoneme (soft and medial consonant) finishing. ”

“ The measurement of concluding portion [adakkiyal vaaram] will consist of lines as the introductory portion has. (138) The length of lines in portion [en’] will fall short by short. (139) Short by short length of line spoken above may or may not be in order. This will be taken as broken form [sinnam] (140) The second category of poem [kali] called [orupoogu] also falls into two kinds. (141) The two kinds are [kochchaga-orupoogu] and [ambootharanga-orupoogu] . (142) The first one [kochchaga-orupoogu] flows order-less ”

“ Good behavior [ar’am] , valuable subjects in life-style [porul’] and sexual bliss [inbam] are the three-fold subject materials in human life are discussed in four kinds of poems. (102) Four kinds of poems falls in two kinds; vis. ”