Various

“ As soon as the first specimen was rediscovered, that is, when it was sixty hours old, the second wasp then being thirty hours old, the two were placed on the nest, and this in turn was placed on a book. They both started on tours of observation, and every time they came in contact with each other they made sudden starts and jumps to avoid an evidently startling new object, meanwhile violently waving their antennæ and often cleaning these organs after such contact. Dr. Enteman says, "All wasps possess the instinct of fear. ”

“ At the cephalic end of the cerebro-pleural ganglion the large ganglionic cords are in evidence. A little distance from the cephalic end on the dorsal side there are quite large groups of cells down from the surface and surrounded by nerve fibers. The course of the fibers here is quite complex. On the ventral lateral sides of the ganglia are paired light areas of fibers which may be traced into the fibers of the ganglionic cords. ”

“ The species described hereinafter were reared at Lawrence, Kansas, and the general conditions under which they occur may be briefly discussed:
North Hollow, on the Campus of the University of Kansas, is a typical dry Austral woodland traversed by a small stream that is entirely dry during the months of midsummer drought. The soil consists of a rich black humus that is soft and mellow except during the period of greatest dryness, being overlain by a varying depth of vegetable debris and leaf-mold. It is in this relatively dry soil that the larvæ of Dicranoptycha occur. ”

“ The cerebro-pleural mass seems almost one. In most sections it is very compact and a little more complicated in structure than the ganglion of Nucula. However there are two small ventral ganglionic branches or small ganglia attached to the ventral side of the cerebral mass. These small ganglia may represent the visceral. Farther back in a cross section series as the cerebral mass disappears two other small branches take origin and run parallel to the nerves from the ganglionic cords. These two branches on each side seem to run together before the pedal ganglia are reached. ”

“ A Text-Book of Freshwater Biology
By JAMES G. NEEDHAM, Ph.D., Professor of Limnology and General Biology in Cornell University, and JOHN T. LLOYD, A.B., Assistant in Limnology in Cornell University.
This book is a broad presentation of the field of fresh-water biology, primarily in its scientific aspects, also in its relation to commercial, civic, aesthetic and public health interests of man. There is no book in the English language covering the field. Copiously illustrated with photographs from Nature. 438 pages; 244 figures. ”

“ The drawing is a ventral view, the cephalic side is at the top. ×70.
Fig. 9. Reconstruction of pedal ganglion of Malletia from the ventral side. Cephalic side at the top. ×70.
Fig. 10. Reconstruction of visceral ganglia of Malletia. ×70.
Fig. 11. Section through cerebro-pleural mass of Malletia. The dorsal side is up. On the ventral side to the left and right are the beginnings of the lateral lobes or ganglionic cords which may represent the pleural ganglia. In this species the cerebral ganglia are not separated into right and left halves as in Nucula. ”

“ Foot notes, tables, explanations of figures, etc., should be written on separate sheets. Foot notes and figures should be numbered consecutively throughout. The desired position of foot notes and figures should be clearly indicated in the manuscript.
Figures should be drawn so that they may be reproduced as line cuts so far as possible. An unusually large number of half tones must be paid for in part by the author. Other more expensive illustrations will be furnished at cost. Figures for cuts should be made to conform to the size of the page when reduced, that is, 5 by 7-1/2 inches or less. ”

“ Eyes large, with coarse ommatidia. Labrum semicircular in outline, tumid. Labial lobes large, oval, contiguous with one another, at the tip of the labrum. Maxillary palpi moderately long and slender, nearly straight, gradually narrowed to the tip which ends opposite the knee-joint of the fore legs. Antennæ with the basal segments separated only by the cephalic crest, the sheaths ending about opposite or a little before the lateral angle of the thorax.
Pronotal breathing-horns (fig. 14) very small, almost microscopic; when viewed from the dorsal aspect appearing as tiny triangular tubercles. ”

“ The success of the college is particularly indicated by the large proportion of the graduates who proceed to advanced work in the large universities. In addition, well-manned departments of music and art afford exceptional advantages. ”

“ It is evident that they would be somewhat modified from what they are here recorded if the colony had contained the queen and other workers, as this specimen had the run of the entire nest, and none of its movements were effected by those of other individuals. It is equally evident that all stimuli came from within, or from contact with the nest, and not from suggestions received from other individuals or from contact with them. The following is the record made at one minute intervals, beginning with the time the specimen left its cell:
8:06. ”

“ While the above observations are admittedly too few from which to draw definite conclusions, they seem to warrant the following assumptions, the first three of which are quoted from Miss Enteman, and hence are simply corroborative of her work:
1. "All wasps possess the instinct of fear. This is especially strong the first few days after emergence, but is readily overcome by the frequent appearance of the awe-inspiring object. [Pg 66]
2. "In a sense, the wasp remembers. ”

“ Specimen emerged from its cell.
8:07. Cleaned its front legs in its mouth and its antennæ with its front legs.
8:08. Moved around some. Rubbed its wings with its hind legs and spread them out twice.
8:09. Cleaned antennæ and front legs.
8:10. Swung abdomen back and forth, and brushed its wings. Moved around the nest rapidly and waved the antennæ, but all movements were jerky.
8:11. Explored nest, occasionally rubbing abdomen with legs.
8:12. Explored nest.
8:13. Explored nest. Movements unsteady. Cleaned antennæ and front legs. ”