Delegates to the Constitutional Convention of Idaho

“ The power to tax corporations or corporate property, both real and personal, shall never be relinquished or suspended, and all corporations in this State or doing business therein, shall be subject to taxation for State, county, school, municipal, and other purposes, on real and personal property owned or used by them, and not by this Constitution exempted from taxation within the Territorial limits of the authority levying the tax. ”

“ The Supreme Court shall consist of three Justices, a majority of whom shall be necessary to make a quorum or pronounce a decision. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be elected by the electors of the State at large. The terms of office of the Justices of the Supreme Court, except as in this Article otherwise provided, shall be six years. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall, immediately after the first election under this Constitution, be selected by lot, so that one shall hold his office for the term of two years, one for the term of four years, and one for the term of six years. ”

“ No corporation shall issue stocks or bonds, except for labor done, services performed, or money or property actually received; and all fictitious increase of stock or indebtedness shall be void. The stock of corporations shall not be increased except in pursuance of general law, nor without the consent of the persons, holding a majority of the stock, first obtained at a meeting, held after at least thirty days' notice given in pursuance of law. ”

“ Any association or corporation organized for the purpose, shall have the right to construct and operate a railroad between any designated points within this State, and to connect within or at the State line, with railroads of other States and Territories. Every railroad company shall have the right with its road, to intersect, connect with, or cross any other railroad, under such regulations as may be prescribed by law, and upon making due compensation. ”

“ All railroads shall be public highways, and all railroad, transportation and express companies shall be common carriers, and subject to legislative control, and the legislature shall have power to regulate and control by law, the rates of charges for the transportation of passengers and freight by such companies or other common carriers, from one point to another in the State. ”

“ All laws relating to courts shall be general and of uniform operation throughout the State, and the organized judicial powers, proceedings and practices of all the courts of the same class or grade, so far as regulated by law, and the force and effect of the proceedings, judgments, and decrees of such courts, severally, shall be uniform. ”

“ No foreign corporation shall do any business in this State without having one or more known places of business, and an authorized agent or agents in the same, upon whom process may be served; and no company or corporation formed under the laws of any other country, State or Territory, shall have or be allowed to exercise or enjoy, within this State, any greater rights or privileges than those possessed or enjoyed by corporations of the same or similar character created under the laws of this State. ”

“ Whenever two-thirds of the members elected to each branch of the legislature shall deem it necessary to call a convention to revise or amend this Constitution, they shall recommend to the electors to vote at the next general election, for or against a convention, and if a majority of all the electors voting at said election shall have voted for a convention, the legislature shall at the next session provide by law for calling the same ”

“ The right to collect rates or compensation for the use of water supplied to any county, city, or town, or water district, or the inhabitants thereof, is a franchise, and can not be exercised except by authority of and in the manner prescribed by law. ”

“ No sectarian or religious tenets or doctrines shall ever be taught in the public schools, nor shall any distinction or classification of pupils be made on account of race or color. No books, papers, tracts or documents of a political, sectarian or denominational character shall be used or introduced in any schools established under the provisions of this Article, nor shall any teacher or any district receive any of the public school moneys in which the schools have not been taught in accordance with the provisions of this Article. ”

“ The exercise and enjoyment of religious faith and worship shall forever be guaranteed; and no person shall be denied any civil or political right, privilege or capacity, on account of his religious opinions; but the liberty of conscience hereby secured shall not be construed to dispense with oaths or affirmations, or excuse acts of licentiousness or justify polygamous or other pernicious practices, inconsistent with morality or the peace or safety of the State ”

“ No street, or other railroad, shall be constructed within any city, town, or incorporated village, without the consent of the local authorities having the control of the street or highway proposed to be occupied by such street or other railroad.
Sec. 12. The legislature shall pass no law for the benefit of a railroad, or other corporation, or any individual, or association of individuals retroactive in its operation, or which imposes on the people of any county or municipal sub-division of the State, a new liability in respect to transactions or considerations already past. ”

“ It is ordained by the State of Idaho that perfect toleration of religious sentiment shall be secured, and no inhabitant of said State shall ever be molested in person or property on account of his or her mode of religious worship. ”

“ The Governor shall nominate and, by and with the consent of the senate, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Constitution, or which may be created by law, and whose appointment or election is not otherwise provided for. If during the recess of the senate, a vacancy occurs in any State or district office, the Governor shall appoint some fit person to discharge the duties thereof until the next meeting of the Senate, when he shall nominate some person to fill such office. ”

“ No law shall ever be passed by the legislature, granting any privileges to persons who may have settled upon any such public lands, subsequent to the survey thereof by the General Government, by which the amount to be derived by the sale or other disposition of such lands, shall be diminished, directly or indirectly. ”

“ Neither the legislature nor any county, city, town, township, school district, or other public corporation, shall ever make any appropriation or pay from any public fund or moneys whatever, anything in aid of any church or sectarian, or religious society, or for any sectarian or religious purpose, or to help support or sustain any school, academy, seminary, college, university or other literary or scientific institution, controlled by any church, sectarian or religious denomination whatsoever ”

“ No person shall be held to answer for any felony or criminal offense of any grade, unless on presentment or indictment of a grand jury, or on information of the public prosecutor, after a commitment by a magistrate, except in cases of impeachment, in cases cognizable by probate courts or by justices of the peace, and in cases arising in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger ”

“ The making of profit, directly or indirectly, out of State, county, city, town, township or school district money, or using the same for any purpose not authorized by law, by any public officer, shall be deemed a felony, and shall be punished as provided by law. ”

“ No person shall be twice put in jeopardy for the same offense; nor be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law. ”

“ The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate; but in civil actions, three-fourths of the jury may render a verdict, and the Legislature may provide that in all cases of misdemeanors five-sixths of the jury may render a verdict. A trial by jury may be waived in all criminal cases not amounting to felony, by the consent of both parties, expressed in open court ”

“ No religious test or qualification shall ever be required of any person as a condition of admission into any public educational institution of the State, either as teacher or student; and no teacher or student of any such institution shall ever be required to attend or participate in any religious service whatever. ”

“ The legislature shall not pass any law permitting the leasing or alienation of any franchise so as to release or relieve the franchise or property held thereunder from any of the liabilities of the lessor or grantor, or lessee or grantee, contracted or incurred in the operation, use, or enjoyment of such franchise, or any of its privileges. ”

“ No armed police force, or detective agency, or armed body of men, shall ever be brought into this State for the suppression of domestic violence, except upon the application of the legislature, or the executive, when the legislature cannot be convened. ”