J. R. Clark Hall

Name: A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary
Author: J. R. Clark Hall

Biographical details

J. R. Clark Hall (1855-1931) published works such as A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary. These writings evoke Bl, Chr and VPs.

Quotes by J. R. Clark Hall

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ The sign ± has been used where a word occurs both with and without the prefix.
3. References to Cook’s translation of Sievers’ Anglo-Saxon Grammar, and to the Grammatical Introduction to Sweet’s Reader have been taken out, as Wright’s or Wyatt’s Old English Grammar will have taken their place with most English students.
4. A new feature which, it is hoped, will prove widely useful, is the introduction of references to all, or nearly all, the headings in the New English Dictionary under which quotations from Anglo-Saxon texts are to be found. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Sol = the poem Solomon and Saturn, in Gr (if in italics, the reference is sometimes to the prose version, ed. J. M. Kemble) .
Soul = the poem of the Soul, in Gr.
SPs = Psalterium Davidis Latino-Saxonicum, ed. J. Spelman, London, 1640. (Stowe MS, but includes marginal readings from APs, CPs and EPs.)
Swt. = The Student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon by H. Sweet, Oxford, 1897.
TC = Diplomatarium Ævi Saxonici, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1865 (3) .
tr. = transitive.
usu. = usual, usually.
v. = vide, or very.
v.l. = varia lectio.
VPs = the Vespasian Psalter, as contained in OET (1) . ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ FT = the poem ‘A Father’s Teachings,’ in Gr.
g. = genitive. gs. = gen. singular. gp. = gen. pl.; etc.
G = the Anglo-Saxon Gospels, ed. W. W. Skeat, Cambridge, 1871-87. See also LG, NG, RG, WG. (Gl to WG by M. A. Harris, Yale Studies, vol. 6, Boston, 1899.)
GD = Die Dialoge Gregors den Grossen, ed. Hans Hecht (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 5) , Cassel, 1900-1907.
Gen = the poem of Genesis, in Gr. If followed by two kinds of numerals = Genesis in Ælfric de vetere et novo testamento (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 1, Cassel, 1872) . ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Cancer (sign of the zodiac) , Lcd.
cracelung? ‘crepacula,’ OEG 56249.
crācettan = crǣcettan
cracian to resound, ‘crack,’ Ps.
cradol, cradel m. ‘cradle,’ cot, WW.
cradolcild n. child in the cradle, infant, W 15814.
crǣ = crāwe
crǣcettan to croak, GD 11825. [crā]
crǣcetung f. croaking.
cræf- = craf-
cræft m. physical strength, might, courage, A, AO, Sol: science, skill, art, ability, talent, virtue, excellence, Bo; Æ, CP: trade, handicraft, 65b calling, BH, CP, RB; Æ: work or product of art, Hex: trick, fraud, deceit, Bl: machine, instrument. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Wt 546) to own, possess, have, obtain, An, Bo, Ma, Mt; AO, CP: give, give up, deliver, restore: have to pay, ‘owe,’ Mt, Lk: have to do, ANS 123·417. ā. ūt find out, discover.
II. pret. 3 sg. of āginnan (onginnan) .
āgān (conj. v. gān) to go, go by, pass (of time) , Mk. of ā. go away: occur, befal, Æ: come forth, grow, Ps: approach: lose strength. [‘ago’]
āgangan = āgān
āge f. possessions, property. [ON. eiga]
agēan == ongēan
āgehwǣr = ǣhwǣr
āgeldan I. †to punish.
II. = āgieldan
āgēlwan = āgǣlwan
āgēman = āgȳman
āgen I. ‘own,’ proper, peculiar, BH, Sat, Mt; AO, CP, Chr, Æ. ā. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ, CP. [‘lewd’]
læwel = læfel
lǣwend m. betrayer, traitor, Gl.
lǣwerce = lāwerce
læwil = læfel
læx = leax
lāf f. what is left, remnant, legacy, relic, remains, rest, Bl, Chr; Æ: relict, widow, Æ, AO. tō lāfe alone. tō lāfe bēon to remain over. wǣpna, daroða l. survivors of battle. hamora lāfa results of forging, swords. [‘lave’; līfan]
lāferce = lāwerce
±lafian to pour water on, wash, ‘lave,’ bathe, B, Lcd: ladle out, Lcd. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ I. ‘light,’ not heavy, AO, BH, Rd; CP: slight, easy, trifling, inconsiderable, CP, Mt, Lcd: quick, agile, Ph: gentle, Wid.
II. n. ‘light,’ daylight, Æ, B, Bl, Chr, G, Ps, W: power of vision, Bl: luminary, Lcd.
III. luminous, bright, ‘light,’ clear, resplendent, beautiful, BH, Lcd, VPs ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Lcd.
nēwest = nēawest
nēxt (LWS) == nīehst
nī- = nīg-, nīw-
nic, nice adv. not I (= no) . [ne, ic]
nicor (e2) m. nap. nicras water-sprite, sea-monster, B, Bl: hippopotamus, walrus, Nar. [‘nicker’]
nicorhūs n. sea-monster’s dwelling, B 1411.
nīd = nīed
nīd- = nēad-, nīed-, nȳd-
nīed I. (ē, ēa, ēo, ī, ȳ) fn. ‘need,’ necessity, compulsion, duty, B (ȳ) , BH (ē) , NG (ē) ; AO, 214b CP: errand, business, Æ (ēo) : hardship, distress, difficulty, trouble, pain, AO: force, violence, VPs (ē) : what is necessary: inevitableness: fetter, Deor 5: name of the rune for n. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Ger. brief]
brēg (VPs) = brǣw
brega (Æ) = brego
brēgan to alarm, frighten, terrify, Lk; Æ, CP. [‘bree’; brōga]
bregd = brǣd III.
+bregd I. n. movement, change, Ph 57.
II. = brǣd III.
bregdan3 (brēd-) to move quickly, pull, shake, swing, throw (wrestling) , draw (sword) , drag, 50 B, Ma: bend, weave, ‘braid,’ knit, join together, ÆGr: change colour, vary, be transformed, Ex, Sol, Gu: bind, knot: (intr.) move, be pulled: flash, Æ. up b. bring up (a charge) : (+) scheme, feign, pretend: (+) draw breath, breathe. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ: (±) consult, discuss, deliberate, plot, design, Æ, AO, BH: (±) decree, decide, Æ: rule, guide, have control over, possess, B, Bo, Da: provide for: bring, deliver (goods) , LL: have an idea, guess, forebode, Æ, BH, Rd: (±) read, explain, Æ, Bl, Bo, G: learn by reading: (+) put in order, BH, EC (ē) : help. [‘read,’ ‘rede’]
rǣdbana (ē) m. accessory to a murder, LL.
rǣdbora (ē) m. adviser, counsellor, Æ: (Roman) consul.
rǣdda m. robin, WW 4418. [rēad]
rǣdde wk. pret. 3 sg. of rǣdan.
rǣde I. adj. (±) prepared, ready, ready for riding (horse) , PPs. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Entry before author’s corrections:
āwārnian to be confounded, SPs.
āwascan6 (æ) to wash, bathe, immerse, Lcd.
āweallan7 to well up, flow out, break forth, issue, swarm, CP: be hot, burn.
āweardian to guard, defend.
āweaxan6 to grow, grow up, arise, come forth, CP.
āweb = ōweb
āwec- = āwæc-
āweccan to awake, rouse, incite, excite, Mk, Lk; Æ, CP: raise up, beget. [‘awecche’]
āwecenes (æ) f. incitement, GD 1997.
āwecgan to undermine, shake, move, Æ.
āwēdan to be or become mad, rage, Æ; AO. [‘awede’; wōd]
āwefan5 to weave, weave together, Æ.
āweg (= on-) ‘away,’ forth, out, Chr, Mt ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ AO.
ribbe f. hound’s-tongue, ribwort, Ep, Lcd, WW. [‘rib’]
ribbspācan np. ‘rib-spokes,’ the brisket? (BT) , WW 26524.
rīca m. influential man, ruler, Æ.
rīcan (BDS 16367) = rēcan (*riecan)
rīcceter, rīccetere (Æ) = rīceter
rīce I. strong, powerful, Da; Lcd: great, mighty, of high rank, Æ, BH, MH; AO, CP: ‘rich,’ Æ, BH, Bo, Lk.
II. n. rule, reign, power, might, authority, empire, Æ, Bl, Cr, MH; AO. fōn tō rīce to ascend the throne: kingdom, nation, diocese, B; AO, CP: reign (period of time) . ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ AO: host, multitude, army: the heavenly host: strength, power: excellence, worth, Hy; Æ, AO: magnificence, valour, glory, majesty: assistance, gift: benefit, profit, wealth, prosperity, salvation, Cr: what is fit, or seemly, decorum. [‘douth’]
duguðealdor m. chief man, president.
duguðgifu (a2, e2) f. munificence, Gl.
duguðlic authoritative, chief, noble, OEG. adv. -līce.
duguðmiht f. supreme power.
duguðnǣmere m. ‘municeps,’ OEG 712.
duhte = dohte (v. dugan) .
dulfon pret. pl. of delfan.
dulhrune = dolgrune
dulmunus? m. a kind of warship, AO.
dumb ‘dumb,’ silent, An, Mt ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ BT.
ā-īdlian, -īdlan, -īdelian to be or make useless, frustrate, empty, annul, Æ, CP: profane: be free from: deprive (of) . [īdel]
āiernan3 to run away, run out, go over: pass by, go.
āīeðan (ǣ, ī, ȳ) to lay low, demolish, destroy, cast out.
al = eall, æl
āl n. fire, burning, OEG 4389; 4470. [cp. ǣlan]
ālādian to excuse, Bo 1445. ālādiendra ‘excussorum,’ BPs 1264.
ālæccan to catch, take, Chr 1123.
16
ālǣdan (tr.) to lead, lead away, carry off, withdraw, conduct, bring, Æ: (intr.) be produced, grow, come forth. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ I. ‘clean,’ CP, Lk, Æ: pure, chaste, innocent, Æ, Bl: clear, open, El, Lcd, Ps. on clǣnum felda in the open field (of battle) , CP 22725: honourable, true: acute, sagacious, intellectual.
II. adv. clean, clearly, fully, purely, entirely, Æ, Ct; AO, CP.
clǣngeorn yearning after purity, celibate.
clǣnheort pure in heart, Æ.
clǣnlic (‘cleanly’) , pure, Bo, Met: excellent. adv. -līce = clǣne
clǣnnes f. (moral) ‘cleanness,’ purity, chastity, BH; Æ, CP.
clǣnsere (e) m. priest, CP 13915; W 726.
±clǣnsian (sn-) to ‘cleanse,’ purify, chasten, CP: clear out, purge, Lcd: (w a. and g.) ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ God m. np. -as, -u a ‘god,’ image of a god, Æ, Jul, LL, Ps; AO: God, the (Christian) Deity, Æ, BH; CP.
gōd I. comp. bet (e) ra, bettra, superl. bet (e) st ‘good’ (of persons or things) , virtuous, B, Bl, Chr, G: desirable, favourable, salutary, pleasant, Bl: valid, efficient, suitable, Az, Jul, Lcd: considerable, sufficiently great, Chr.
II. n. good thing, advantage, benefit, gift, B, Bl, Mt; Æ, AO, CP: ‘good,’ goodness, welfare, CP: ability, doughtiness: goods, property, wealth, CP.
godæppel m. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Holy Writ.
sǣgenga m. † ship: sailor.
sǣgeset m. coast region, Gl.
sægl = sigel
sægnian = segnian
sǣgon pret. pl. of sēon.
sǣgrund m. sea-bottom, abyss, Æ, CP.
sæh = seah
sǣhealf f. side next the sea, Chr 1072e.
sǣhengest m. sea-horse, ship, An 488: hippopotamus, WW.
sǣhete m. boiling, surging of the sea, BH 38424.
sǣholm m. ocean, An 529.
sæht = seht
sæhtlian = sahtlian
sǣhund m. sea-dog, sea-monster, OEG 2661.
sæl n. nap. salu room, hall, castle, B, Rd. [‘sale’; Ger. saal]
sǣl (ē) I. mf. (occl. dp. sālum) time, season, opportunity, occasion, condition, position, Lcd ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ I. prep. w. d. (instr.) (local) ‘from,’ by, Æ, Bl, Chr: (temporal) since, A, Ma: (agent) by, Bl: as a result of, Mt: (with verbs of saying and hearing) of, about, concerning. f. gān to depart. comps. v. fram-, from-.
II. adv. from, forth, out, away.
III. adj. (eo) strenuous, active, bold, strong. [Ger. fromm]
framācyrran = framcyrran (in this and the following words fram- may often be taken as a separate preposition) .
framādōn anv. to take from, do away, cut off, cut out.
framādrȳfan1 to drive away, expel.
framāhyldan to turn from, Lcd. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ U. Lindelöf, Acta Soc. Sc. Fennicae, vol. 35, Helsingfors, 1909 (1) . (LHy = the Hymns in the same vol.)
LWS = Late West Saxon.
LV = Leofric’s Vision, ed. A. S. Napier, in the Transactions of the Philological Society for 1907-10, pp. 180-188.
M = Mercian.
m. = masculine. ms., mp., etc. = masc. sing., masc. plur., etc.
Ma = the poem of the Battle of Maldon, in Gr, also in Br, Kl or Sweet’s Anglo-Saxon Reader, Oxford.
Mdf = Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch, by H. Middendorff, Halle, 1902. [See Preface.]
Men = the Menologium, at the end of Chr.
Met = the Metres of Boethius; v. Bo. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ. [‘afile’]
āfyllan I. (w. g. or d.) to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy, Æ; AO: complete, fulfil. [‘afill’] .
II. (y = ie) to cause to fall, fell, beat down, overturn, subvert, demolish, abolish, Lk; Æ: slay, kill. [‘afelle’]
āfyndan = āfindan
āfyr- = āfierr-
āfȳran to emasculate. āfȳred (CP) , āfȳrd pp. as sb. eunuch.
āfyrhtan to frighten, terrify, Æ, AO.
āfȳrida = āfȳred
āfyrran = āfierran
āfyrsian = āfeorsian
āfȳsan (intr.) to hasten: inspire with longing, Bl: (tr.) urge, impel, excite: drive away. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ, Bl, VPs; CP: (†) sun, star. [L. gemma]
gimmian to adorn with gems.
gimmisc jewelled, Nar 513.
gimreced n. bejewelled hall, palace, Met 825.
gimrodor m. draconite (precious stone) , OEG.
gimstān m. stone capable of being made into a gem, jewel, Æ; AO. [‘gemstone’]
gīmung = gēmung
gimwyrhta m. jeweller, Æ (y) .
gin I. n. yawning deep, Ex 430.
II. adj. = ginn
gīn = gēn
gīna = gēna
gīnan1 to yawn.
135
gind == geond
ginfæst † ample, liberal. [ginn]
ging, gingest v. geong.
gingi-ber, -fer (e) f. ‘ginger,’ Lcd.
gingra I. (Æ) v. geong. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ CP: conceal oneself, remain concealed, Lcd: (†) avoid, shun, refrain from. [‘mithe’]
206
mīðl = mīdl
mix = meox
mixen (y) f. dung-heap, dung, Æ, LkL. [‘mixen’]
mixendynge (y1) f. dung, LL 454 [9] .
mixenplante f. nightshade (plant) , Lcd.
mixforce (y) f. dung-fork, WW 10639.
mixian = miscian
mōd n. (±) heart, mind, spirit, ‘mood,’ temper, B, BH, Bl; Æ, AO, CP: courage, B; AO: arrogance, pride, AO: power, violence. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ, AO, CP: cause (often followed by the inf. with a passive sense or by ðæt) , CP, VPs. hig dydon rīcu settan = they caused kingdoms to be founded (= founded kingdoms) , AO: put, place, take (from or to) , CP, Mt, Ps. d. ūp put ashore. +d. up exhume: give, bestow, confer, Ps: consider, esteem: observe, keep: to avoid repetition of another verb, Æ, Gen, Mk: (+) arrive at, Chr: (+) halt, encamp, cast anchor, Chr: (+) reduce, Chr. d. tō hīerran hāde promote, advance to a higher position. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ I. ‘bright,’ shining, brilliant, light, clear, Bo, El, Gu: clear-sounding, loud, Cra: excellent, distinguished, remarkable, beautiful, magnificent, noble, glorious, PPs: pure, sublime, holy, divine.
II. n. brightness, gleam, light. ēagan b. twinkling of an eye: sight.
beorhtan = bierhtan
beorhtblōwende bright-blooming, Lcd 1·4049.
beorhte brightly, brilliantly, splendidly: clearly, lucidly, distinctly, CP.
beorhthwīl (OEG) = bearhtmhwīl
beorhtian to glisten, shine, BH, Ps: to sound clearly, B: to make bright, VPs. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ V. (NG) = ǣr
āracsian = ārāsian
ārǣcan wv. to reach, get at, Chr: hold forth, reach out, Æ: get (a thing for a person) , Æ, Gr. [‘areach’]
ārǣd I. (ē) m. welfare, LL 184n.
II. prepared?, resolute? Wa 5; GnE 192?
III. = ānrǣd
āræda (Bo 4622) = āroda? v. ārod.
ārǣdan1 (but usu. wk.) to appoint, prepare: arrange, settle, decide, BH: guess, prophesy, interpret, utter, Lk, Bo, Da, CP: read, read out, read to (any one) , CP. [‘aread’]
ārǣdnes f. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ: girl, Mt: maid, servant, Bl.
mægden- see also mǣden-.
mægdenǣw f. marriage with a virgin.
mægdenhād m. ‘maidenhood,’ virginity, Cr; CP.
mægdenmann m. ‘maid,’ virgin, AO. [‘maidenman’]
mǣge = māge
mægen I. (e) n. bodily strength, might, ‘main’ force, power, vigour, valour, B; Æ, CP: virtue, efficacy, efficiency, Lcd: picked men of a nation, troop, army, AO: miracle. [magan]
II. subj. pl. of magan.
mægenāgende mighty, B 2837.
mægenbyrðen † f. huge burden.
mægencorðor n. strong troop, Gen 1986.
mægencræft † m. main force, great strength, might. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ, AO, CP: splendid, fine, costly, valuable: lusty, young: pleasant, sweet-smelling, Gen: (+) natural, congenial, suitable. [‘athel’]
æðel-ferðingwyrt, -fyrdingwyrt f. stitch-wort (plant) , Lcd.
+æðelian † to make noble or renowned, Hy. [‘i-athele’]
æðelic = æðellic
āðelic = ēaðelic
æðeling m. man of royal blood, nobleman, chief, prince, AO, Chr (v. LL 2·274) : †king, Christ, God, Cr: †man, hero, saint; in pl. men, people, Gen. [‘atheling’]
æðelinghād n. princely state, Lcd 3·4385. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ, CP: testament, will, enactment, decree, decision, judgment, TC; Æ. [‘quide’; cweðan]
+cwide n. sentence, decree, fate.
cwidegiedd (i) n. speech, song, Wa 55.
cwidelēas speechless, Æ (y) : intestate, EC 212.
cwielman (æ, e, i, y) to torment, afflict, mortify, destroy, kill, Bl, VPs; AO, CP. [‘quelm’] For compounds v. cwylm-.
cwiferlīce zealously, RB 1222.
cwild (y) mfn. destruction, death, pestilence, murrain. [cwelan]
cwildbǣre deadly, dangerous, pestiferous. adv. -bǣrlīce. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ AO, CP: commit, entrust, Da: give in marriage, Chr.
giefend (e) m. giver, DR.
gīefernes (CP) = gīfernes
giefl (i, y) n. morsel, food.
giefnes (e) f. pardon, DR.
giefu (e, eo, i, y) f. gift, B, Bo, Mt; AO, CP. tō giefe, giefes gratis, freely: favour, grace, Bl, Lk: name of the rune for g. [‘give’]
gield (eo, i) n. service, offering, worship, sacrifice: money-payment, tax, tribute, compensation, substitute: guild, brotherhood: idol, god.
±gieldan3 (e, i, y) to ‘yield,’ pay, AO, CP: pay for: reward, requite, render, AO, CP: worship, serve, sacrifice to: punish. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ II. sloping, inclined, bent.
+heald = +hield
healdan7 (a) (±) (tr. and intr.) to ‘hold’ (‘i-hald’) , contain, hold fast, grasp, retain, possess, inhabit, Æ, Chr; CP. tō handa h. hold (land, etc.) of another: (±) curb, restrain, rule, reign, Chr, CP: (±) keep, guard, preserve, foster, cherish, defend, Æ, Bl, Mt, Ps; AO: withhold, lock up: maintain, uphold, support, Æ, LL: regard, observe, fulfil, do, practise, Bl; Æ: take care, CP: celebrate, hold (festival) : hold out (intr.) , last. ongēan h. resist: proceed, go: treat, behave to, bear oneself. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

J. R. Clark Hall, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

“ Æ. hǣl ā. to wish one good luck, greet, bid farewell to. [‘abede’]
1b
ābeofian = ābifian
ābēogan = ābūgan
ābeornan3 to take fire, PPs 10516.
ābēowan (WW 21746) = ābȳwan
āberan4 to bear, carry: endure, suffer, Mt, Bo; Æ, CP: bear (a child) , Æ: take away, remove: reveal: (refl.) restrain oneself: do without, NC 268. ”

J. R. Clark Hall

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