Pedro I of Brazil

“ XXVI. Inventors shall be the owners of their discoveries or their productions. The law shall secure them an exclusive temporary right, or shall make amends to them for the loss they may suffer from its general use. ”

“ XIV. Every citizen may be admitted to public positions whether civil, political or military without other distinction than (that made by) his talents and virtues.
XV. No one shall be exempt from contributing to the expenses of the State in proportion to his property.
XVI. All privileges that are not essential to and entirely connected with offices for public utitlity are abolished.
XVII. With the exception of the cases which by nature belong to special judges under the law, there shall be no privileged tribunal or special commissions in civil or criminal cases. ”

“ Art. 62. If, on the conclusion of the discussion either of the two chambers fully adopts the bill sent by the other chamber, it shall reduce it to a decree, and after it is read in session, shall direct it to the Emperor in duplicate copies signed by the President and the two chief Secretaries, asking his sanction in the following form:
“The General Assembly addresses to the Emperor the inclosed decree which it judges to be advantageous and useful to the Empire, and asks His Imperial Majesty to deign to give it his sanction.” ”

“ The inviolability of the civil and political rights of Brazilian citizens based upon liberty, individual security and propriety, is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Empire in the following manner:
I. No citizen can be obliged to do or not to do anything except by virtue of the law. ”

“ So long as the General Assembly does not fix the permanent land and naval military force, it will remain at what it may be until changed by the same Assembly to more or to less.
Art. 147. The military force is essentially obedient; it can never come together unless so ordered by the legitimate authority.
Art. 148. To the executive power belongs exclusively the employment of an armed land or sea force, as may seem proper for the security and defense of the Empire. ”

“ Senators or Deputies may be appointed Ministers or Counselors of State, with the difference that the Senators shall continue to hold their seats in the Senate, while the Deputy will vacate his place in the chamber and a new election shall be held, in which he may be re-elected and combine the two functions.
Art. 30. They may also combine the two functions when either of the positions mentioned is held at the time they are elected.
Art. 31. No one can be a member of both chambers at the same time. ”

“ Art. 61. If the Chamber of Deputies does not approve the amendments or additions of the Senate, or vice versa, and if, nevertheless, the chamber objecting, judges that the bill is advantageous, it may, by means of a deputation of three members, ask for a joint session of the two chambers, which shall take place in the Senate chamber, and the result of the discussion shall decide the question. ”

“ During his minority the Empire shall be governed by a regency, which shall belong to the relative nearest the Emperor, according to the order of succession, and who is more than twenty-one years of age. ”

“ VII. Every citizen has in his house an inviolable asylum. At night it cannot be entered without his consent or to protect it from fire or flood; during the day its entrance can only be made freely in the cases and in the manner determined by law. ”

“ The regulation concerning arrest prior to a formulated charge does not include either military ordinances established as necessary for the discipline and recruit of the army, nor cases that are not purely criminal, but in which the law directs the arrest of a person for disobeying the commands of justice, or for not complying with some obligation within a specified time. ”

“ Neither the regency nor the regent shall be responsible.
Art. 130. During the minority of the successor to the crown his tutor shall be the one whom his father shall have appointed in his will; in default of this one, the Empress mother shall act so long as she remains unmarried; in her default the General Assembly shall appoint a tutor, although no one to whom the succession of the crown would fall in case of his death can ever be tutor to the minor Emperor. ”

“ XXIX. Public employees are strictly responsible for abuses and omissions committed in the performance of their duties, and for not making their subordinates responsible.
XXX. Any citizen may present in writing to the legislative and the executive power reclamatlons, complaints or petitions, and he may even expose any infraction of the Constitution, demanding of the competent authority that those violating it be held to account. ”

“ For corruption, bribery, peculation and extortion suit may be brought against them inside of a year and a day either by the plaintiff himself or by any one of the people in the manner established by law. ”

“ V. Those who do not have a net annual income of one hundred milreis from real estate, industry, commerce, employment.
Art. 93. Those who cannot vote in the primary parochial elections cannot be members or vote on the nomination of any elective authority, whether national or local.
Art. 94. All those who can vote in the parochial assembly may be electors and vote in the election of Deputies, Senators and members of the councils of the province, excepting:
I. Those who do not have a net income of 200 milreis from real estate, industry, commerce or employment. ”