Charles W. Smith

“ The present list of references is by no means complete, but t is hoped that the field has been sufficiently covered to make it of practical use as a bibliographic introduction to the study of Marcus Whitman. If it should be the means of causing some few students to suspend judgment until they have had opportunity to carefully examine the sources of information, it will amply justify its compilation. ”

“ Pioneer days of Oregon history. 2v. Portland. Gill. 1905. Vol. 2 gives much space to various phases of Whitman's life and mission. Author rejects inaccuracies of men like Bar-
rows and Spalding, but is inclined to give all possible praise to Whitman. Quotes much but without carefully citing references.
Coffin, Charles Carleton. Building of the nation. N. Y. Harper, c 1882. p. ”

“ Mission life among the Indians of Oregon. N. Y. Carlton and Porter. C1854. p. 36-38.
Mention of Whitman and the incident of the adoption of the Sager children. Montgomery, D. H. Leading facts of American history. Bost. Ginn. 1902. p. 263-265.
Credits Whitman with perhaps saving Oregon. Says he went East with a double purpose.
Morris, Charles. Primary history of the United States. Phil. Lippincott. C1899. p. 210-215.
The English boast. Whitman in saddle in a day's time. How Whitman and consequently the whole Oregon country was saved to the Union by the instinct of a mule. ”

“ Whitman's influence with President Tyler is asserted with some hesitation and with a citation to Gray.
Howe, Henry. Historical recollections of the great West. Cinn. Howe. 1853. p. 384.
Speaks highly olf Whitman's hospitality to immigrants. No mention of political services. Hudson's Bay Company versus United States, see British and American Joint Commission. Johnson, Overton and Winter, William H. Route across the Rocky Mountains, with a description of Oregon and California. Lafayette, (Ind.) . Semans. 1846. Reprinted in Oregon Historical Society. ”

“ Mission of the A. B. C. F. M. p. 33-72. Takes a middle ground in regard to Whitman's influence. Says that he did not save Oregon or any part of it, but that he did exercise a very real and potent political influence. Bound typewritten copy.
Contained in the University of Washington Library, Seattle, Washington.
Pringle, Catherine Sager. The Whitman massacre. 109p.
Mrs. Pringle was one of the Sager girls adopted by Doctor and Mrs. Whitman. She was a grown girl at the time of the massacre. A few years after the massacre she committed her recollections of it to paper. ”

“ Much on Whitman. Well indexed. Rejects cod fishery episode and the Walla Walla dinner story. Says the Whitman "romance" was first given to the world in the "History of Oregon," written by W. H. Gray, a man "incompetent to form an unprejudiced opinion" (p. 267) . Gives Whitman credit for demonstrating a practical emigrant route to Oregon. Laurie, Thomas. The Ely volume, or contributions of our foreign missions to science and human well being. Bost. A. B. C. F. M. c1881. p. 11, 13-15.
Some interesting variations to the usual saved Oregon story.
Laurie, Thomas. The Whitman controversy. 24p. ”

“ Hastings, Langsford W. New description of Oregon and California. Cinn. Rulison. 1857. C1849. p. 21, 54, 60. Hastings stayed at the mission over Sunday, got provisions, etc. Describes the mission and says that the burning of the mill while Whitman was in the East was accidental.
Hawthorne, Julian, editor. History of Washington. 2v. N. Y. Am. Hist. Pub. Co. 1893. v. i, p. 366-370; v. 2, p. 105-132. Biography in v. 1. Whitman massacre in v. 2, written by G. D. Brewerton. Blames Catholics for the massacre. ”

“ Burnett, Peter H. Recollections and opinions of an old pioneer. N. Y. Appleton. 1880.
Based on a journal of the immigration of 1843 kept from the rendezvous near Independence, Mo., to Walla Walla. A high estimate is given of Whitman's services. Spalding's attack of the Catholics considered unjust. "Mr. Spalding and myself agreed to discuss the matter through the columns of a small monthly newspaper, [Oregon American and Evangelical Unionist] , published by Mr. ”

“ Says that Whitman went to Washington with news of the Red River invasion, and that he raised an immigrant train of 200 wagons for Oregon.
De Saint-Amant. See Saint-Amant, Pierre Charles dc.
Dunn, Jacob Piatt, Jr. Massacres of the mountains. Lond. Low. (N. Y. Harper) . 1886. p. 37-42, 93-117.
Inaccurate. Says the British prevented wagons from crossing to Oregon. Walla Walla dinner story.
Dunning, Albert E. Congregationalists in America. N. Y. Hill. 1894. p. 442-443
Massacre. States political reasons as the cause of Whitman's ride.
Dye, Eva Emery. McLoughlin and old Oregon. Chic. McClurg. ”

“ Quarterly. For brief references to Whitman, see 7:96 (March, 1906) and 7:190. (June, 1906) . Johnson, Sidonia V. Short history of Oregon. Chic. McClurg. 1904. p. 194-212, 234-240, 249-259. Story of Whitman told in a fair and careful way with attempt to strike the truth.
Johnson, Theodore T. California and Oregon. Phil. Claxton. 1851. p. 183-184.
Whitman massacre.
Kane, Paul. Wanderings of an artist among the Indians of North America. Lond. Longmans. 1859. P- 278-284, 317-322.
Kane was at the mission from July 18 to July 22, 1847. Sent Whitman a warning of danger from the Indians. ”

“ Quart of seed wheat. Walla
Walla dinner. Deep laid scheme.
Colvocoresses, George M. Four years in the government exploring expedition commanded by Captain Charles Wilkes. Ed.
2. N. Y. Young. 1853. p. 238. ”

“ Oregon, the Struggle for Possession. Boston. Houghton, 1884. (American Statesmen Series.) ↑ Garrison, George Pierce. Westward Extension, 1841-1850. N. Y. Harper, 1906. (Hart, A. B., Ed. The American Nation) , v. 17, p. 38-39. ↑ Letter to the compiler from Dr. E. E. Strong, Corresponding Secretary, A. B. C. F. M., under date of October 26, 1908. ↑ Transactions of the Oregon Pioneer Association for the years 1891 and 1893 contain copies of most of the Whitman letters owned by the Oregon State Historical Society. Notes:
MANUSCRIPTS ”

“ Reply " to Professor Bourne's "The Whitman legend." 122p. Walla Walla. Statesman Pub. Co. 1902. Reprint from Whitman College Quarterly, v. 4, no. 3.
Encyclopedia Britannica. 25V. N. Y. Scribners. 1884. v. 17, p. 825.
Article by G. H. Atkinson. Gives Whitman credit of at least attempting to save Oregon. Says his ride of 1842-43 was made to remove the bar on immigration.
Evans, Elwood. Washington Territory; address delivered at the Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia, Sept. 1876. Olympia (Wash.) . Bagley. 1877. p. 12-14. Whitman massacre attributed to "Indian jealousy, superstition and hate." ”