Joseph Beete Jukes

“ I believe, a duty to state every opinion that may be fairly arrived at. I will therefore state, as my belief, that not only near West Bromwich, but generally in South Staffordshire and the adjoining counties, the Coal-measures suffered very greatly from denudation before the deposition of the Permian, and that the red sandstones of that formation were largely deposited in hollows and excavations worn in the Coal-measures by this denudation ”

“ The farther we go east, moreover, from this line, the more nearly do the Dudley limestones rise into proximity to the Coal-measures and to the surface, until at Walsall they crop broadly out, and the shales below them still rising gently to the east, there comes out at Hay Head, near Barr, a lower limestone than has been seen in any other portion of the district. ”

“ After attaining the New red sandstone there appears no further occurrence of unconformability, the beds appearing to lie with perfect parallelism and regularity through the red sandstones and gypsiferous marls up to the Lias of Needwood Forest.
↑ This is one of the numerous minor difficulties in the way of intelligent practical men that I heard of while surveying this coal-field, that would have been no difficulties, had the knowledge of a little "practical geology" been attainable by them at an early period of life. ”

“ A bed dipping at 3° for the space of 3 miles will be 839 feet lower on the "deep" than it is on the "rise" side. ↑ By a jackey pit is meant a small occasional shaft sunk in any part of the underground workings for a particular and temporary purpose. ↑ I believe this hard rock was the one met with while the "Silurian System" was passing through the press. It was, from the description, supposed by Sir R. I. Murchison to be trap. It probably, however, was the upper part of the Dudley limestone, or possibly the Barr limestone. ”

“ A third heading was then driven nearly parallel to this for about 35 yards, and at the end of it a "jackey pit" [3] was sunk for 81 feet, through fireclay and sandstone, and from the bottom of that a boring was made for 180 feet lower. ”