Linda Trueb

Name: Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog, Smilisca baudini
Author: Linda Trueb

Summary

“Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog, Smilisca baudini”, is a work by Linda Trueb. It explores elements such as lamina, cartilage and foramen.

Quotes from Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog… (Linda Trueb)

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ The pseudobasal process abruptly increases in size. At the level of the prootic foramen (Fig. 16) the medial branch of the pterygoid diverges from the posterior ramus and is closely applied to the medial surface of the pseudobasal process. The otic process extends along the medial surface of the squamosal from the dorsolateral edge of the pseudobasal process, and then expands medially to meet the bony edge of the otic capsule and form the crista parotica. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ Compared to hylids not having integumentary-cranial co-ossification, the dermal roofing bones of Smilisca baudini are extensive, and the skull is well-ossified internally. In contrast to most casque-headed hylids (those having integumentary-cranial co-ossification) , the dermal roofing bones are much less extensive, the dermal sphenethmoid (see Trueb, 1966, p. 563) is absent, and internal ossification is less extensive.
2. The solum nasi is not ossified; the septum nasi is ossified only posteriorly, and the olfactory eminence is supported by the cartilaginous solum nasi and the bony prevomer. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ Posteriorly the cartilage is associated with the pterygoid, where it is known as the pterygoid process (pter. proc., Fig. 14) .
Planum antorbitale.—The anterior terminus of the planum antorbitale (pla. ant.) lies medial to the ventrolateral part of the nasal and lateral to the internal nares (Fig. 12) . It abruptly expands dorsally along the medial face of the nasal to join the tectum nasi dorsolaterally; somewhat posteriorly the planum antorbitale joins [Pg 22] the anterior maxillary process ventrally at the posterior margin of the internal nares. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ The planum terminale is restricted ventrally and terminates at the level of the olfactory eminence (olf. em., Fig. 11) .
[Pg 20]
Fig. 8. Transverse sections through olfactory capsule in region of septomaxillary: a) anterior terminus of septomaxillary; b) medial divergence of septomaxillary; c) dorsal ramus of septomaxillary; d) posterolateral terminus of septomaxillary. Encircled numbers represent the nasal cavities as follows: 1) cavum principale; 2) cavum medium; and 3) cavum inferius. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ At this level the braincase is U-shaped in cross-section. Ossification terminates first in the ventrolateral corners, followed by the lateral and dorsolateral areas. The bony support of the latter area is furnished by the lamina perpendicularis (lam. perp.) of the frontoparietal (fpar., Fig. 14) . Cartilage appears in the ventral part of the sphenethmoid in posteromost sections; at the posterior levels of the orbit the sphenethmoid is entirely cartilaginous.
Orbital, Otic, and Occipital Regions
Orbital region.—The sclera (scl., Fig. 14) of the eye is cartilaginous. The optic foramen (opt. f.) ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ Likewise, a comparison at the familial level based on the study of a single species seems inadequate and premature. By way of summary and synoptic description a list of cranial osteological characters of Smilisca baudini is presented. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ Abbreviations: angspl. angulosplenial; ant. r. pter., anterior ramus of pterygoid; ant. sq., anterior arm of squamosal; b. ang. o., bursa angularis oris; fpar., frontoparietal; fpar. fon., frontoparietal fontanelle; l. perp., lamina perpendicularis of frontoparietale; max., maxillary; Mc. c., Meckel's cartilage; ocul. f., oculomotor foramen; opt. f., optic foramen; pasph., parasphenoid; psdbas. proc., pseudobasal process; pter. proc., pterygoid process; scl., sclera; t. t. mar., taenia tecti marginalis; tymp. ”

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Source: Gutenberg

Linda Trueb, Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog…

“ Abbreviations: al. c., alary cartilage; al. proc., alary process of premaxillary; cav. med., cavum medium; cav. prin., cavum principale; cr. int., crista intermedia; inf. pnas. c., inferior prenasal cartilage; l. inf., lamina inferior; l. sup., lamina superior; max., maxillary; pmax., premaxillary; r. etx. n. f., ramus externus narium foramen; r. med. n. f., ramus medialis narium foramen; rec. lat., recessus lateralis; sept. nas., septum nasi; sol. nas., solum nasi; spmx., septomaxilla; tect. nas., tectum nasi.
[Pg 17]
Figs. ”

Linda Trueb

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