Robert H. Mohlenbrock, Forest Trees of Illinois (Third Edition…
“ Bark: Smooth and gray at first, becoming darker and scaly at maturity.Twigs: Slender, reddish-brown or grayish, smooth; leaf scars alternate, slightly elevated, narrowly crescent-shaped, with 3 bundle traces.Buds: Slender, pointed, reddish-brown, smooth, up to 3⁄4 inch long.Leaves: Alternate, simple; blades elliptic to ovate, pointed at the tip, usually rounded at the base, up to 3 inches long, about 1⁄2 as broad, finely toothed along the edges, green and smooth on the upper surface, paler and smooth on the lower surface; leafstalks slender, up to 1 inch long, smooth. ”
