Emil Cohn

“ In my view of equations (C') , the quantities E, M mean the field strengths, true coordinates and true times. They are identical with the measured coordinates and times. The moving system is not deformed, doesn't possess a specific measure of time, and hasn't become isotropic by motion. ”

“ Force is thus identical with zero at all space locations, where a material substrate of forces is unknown to us. This theorem is a logical postulate, as long as one doesn't ad hoc substitute (into vacuum) a medium with properties of matter. On the other side, this follows from our equations only be means of presupposing . Thus one can conceptually define the reference system, for which the fundamental equations are valid, so that it is at rest with respect to empty space. ”

“ The motions which are carried out by a material particle of the progressing system under the action of forces in space , are different from the motions, which the same particle in the case of rest is carrying out under the forces in space , only by the fact that the process is slowed down in a constant ratio. ”

“ Everything said in this paragraph applies to media, which are in relative rest with respect to a reference system that itself has a uniform translational velocity. By assuming this references system as being fixed in Earth, we neglect the rotation of axis. Theoretically spoken, the requirement of uniform propagation of light in all directions relative to earth cannot be satisfied by any "local time", because the velocity of diurnal motion has no potential. ”

“ Against the applicability of my equations – more precisely spoken of my interpretation of equations (C') – Lorentz has raised an objection. [10] According to these equations, as soon as are considered as true coordinates and times, the absolute (i.e. estimated with respect to a resting coordinate-system) speed of light in the direction is defined by (l.c., equation 16) ”

“ With respect to stationary states it becomes . Furthermore, it is irrelevant for the representation of these states, as to whether we use local time or general time. Thus the approach is given: the forces of the stationary field in relatively resting bodies are in all rigor independent from Earth's motion. It additionally gives the amount of these forces in the well-known form, which forms the expression of all certain experiences. ”

“ We apply the following theorems: in the theory of electrons it is given by definition, that
the "electric force" is the spatial average of the force upon a particle, charged by the quantity of electricity 1; the "electric moment of unit volume" , where is the relative displacement of , denotes a volume, and the sum is to be extended over all in this volume; the "convection current" , where is the relative velocity of . Now, let be the connected values in the case of rest. According to (3) ,
are corresponding to them for in the case of translation ”

“ What is required to experimentally distinguish from , can be shown by a proposal which recently was made by W. Wien "for the decision of the question, as to whether the luminiferous aether is moving with Earth or not." ”

“ Or in reality it is , so that the value of (5) is feigned by the deformation of the stone console (L) in the Michelson experiment. None of both assumptions may (in my view) be rejected by us for reasons of physical experience. The decision between the theories cannot be found here. ”