“ He was told the first town had been taken by war, there being many ships then lying at Bassau: the people of the other had moved higher up in the country for fear of the white men. In passing along to the trader's town he saw several villages deserted; these the natives said had been destroyed by war, and the people taken out and sold.
Sir George Young found slaves to be procured by war, by crimes, real or imputed, by kidnapping, which is called panyaring, and a fourth mode was the inhabitants of one village seizing those of another weaker village, and selling them to the ships. ”

“ In the same voyage an elderly man brought on board said (through the interpreter) that he and his son were seized as they were planting yams, by professed kidnappers, by which he means persons who make kidnapping their constant practice.
On his last voyage, which was also to Bonny, a canoe came along-side his vessel, belonging to a noted trader in slaves, from which a fine stout fellow was handed on board, and sold. Mr. Falconbridge seeing the man amazed and confounded when he discovered himself to be a slave, inquired of him, by means of an interpreter, why he was sold. ”

“ Falconbridge was assured by the Rev. Philip Quakoo, chaplain at Cape Coast Castle, on the Gold Coast, that the greatest number of slaves were made by kidnapping.
He has heard that the great men on this part of the coast, dress up and employ women, to entice young men to be connected with them, that they may be convicted of adultery and sold. ”

“ Falconbridge does not believe that many of these slaves are prisoners of war, as we understand the word war. In Africa, a piratical expedition for making slaves, is termed war. A considerable trader at Bonny explained to him the meaning of this word, and said, that they went in the night, set fire to towns, and caught the people as they fled from the flames. The same trader said, that this practice was very common. ”

“ Lemma had many war canoes, some of which had six or eight swivels; he seemed to be feared by the rest of the natives. Mr. Ellison did not see a canoe out on the river while Lemma was there, except this, and if they had known he had been out, they would not have come. He discovered by signs, that the old man killed was the father of the two other negroes, and that they were brought there by force. They were not the subjects of Lemma.
At Bonny, says Mr. Falconbridge, the greatest number of slaves come from inland. ”

“ The smaller parties generally lie in wait about the villages, and take off all they can surprise; which is also done by individuals, who do not belong to the king, but are private robbers. These sell their prey on the coast, where it is well known no questions as to the means of obtaining it are asked.
As to kidnapping it is so notorious about Goree, that he never heard any person deny it there. Two men while he was there offered a person, a messenger from Senegal to Rusisco, for sale, to the garrison, who even boasted how they had obtained him. ”

“ The general pillage is executed by the king's troops on horseback, armed, who seize the unprepared. Mr. Wadstrom, during the week he was at Joal, accompanying one of those embassies which the French governor sends yearly with presents to the black kings, to keep up the slave trade, saw parties sent out for this purpose, by king Barbesin, almost every day, these parties went out generally in the evening, and were armed with bows and arrows, guns, pistols, sabres, and long lances. ”

“ He believes the natives also sometimes become slaves, in consequence of crimes, as well as, that it is no uncommon thing on the coast, to impute crimes falsely for the sake of selling the persons so accused. ”

“ Town has seen the prisoners (the men bound, the women and children loose) driven for sale to the water-side. He has also known the natives go in gangs marauding and catching all they could. In the Galenas River he knew four blacks seize a man who had been to the sea-side to sell one or more slaves. ”

“ The Captain went there, and finding no trade, said he would not be made a fool, and therefore detained one of the canoe-men. In about two hours afterwards a very fine man was brought on board, and sold, and the canoe-man was released. He was informed by the black pilot, that this man had been surrounded and seized on the beach, from whence he had been brought to the ship and sold.
Manner of making Slaves on the Gold Coast. Lieutenant Simpson says, from what he saw, he believes the slave trade is the occasion of wars among the natives. ”

“ He never saw the parties that went out return with slaves, but has often seen slaves in their huts tied back to back. He remembers also, that some robbers once brought him a man bound on board the Zephir, to sell, but he, Capt. Hills, would not buy him, but suffered him to escape.
The natives on the continent opposite to Goree all go armed, he imagines for fear of being taken. ”

“ Falconbridge thinks crimes are falsely imputed, for the sake of selling the accused. On the second voyage at the river Ambris, among the slaves brought on board was one who had the craw craw, a kind of itch. ”